84 THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 
both wings. This variety is almost invariably sulphur-yellow 
in Ceylon, the only cream coloured specimen I have yet seen 
was at Haldummulla in November, Igrg. 
CG. pomona ¢ varies in the amount of yellow on the upper 
side, The @ is very variable in ground colour and the amount 
of the black markings. I have no specimens of as bright a 
sulphur-yellow as normal ¢ crocale. 
Both species appear in enormous numbers in the flight, 
but are not usually at their maximum at the same time, 
These flights of crocale will be found almost always to consist 
of well-grown specimens of 2 inches to 2} inches in expanse, 
In pomona, on the contrary, dwarfs of under 2 inches form 
the great majority. 
150. CATOPSILIA PYRANTHE. Found also in India and 
Malaya. Moore divided this into pyranthe, ilea, and chrysets. 
It is very plentiful at times everywhere, but chiefly so at a 
low elevation. It seldom appears at Haldummulla, except 
during the north-east monsoon flights, but I have often seen 
it laying its eggs then. This district is exceptionally well 
stocked with small insectivorous birds, and I fancy the great 
majority of the larve fall a prey to them. To observe this 
better I have grown the food plant in a flowerpot in my 
garden, and though I have watched a large number of eggs 
being laid, I have so far failed to find a single half-grown 
larva on the plant. 
It is very variable, but all the varieties grade. The one 
named chryseis by Moore is by far the rarest. 
I5I. CATOPSILIA FLORELLA, B. and E. Catopsilia gnoma, 
M. Found in Africa, Persia, Afghanistan, Siam, China, etc. 
C. florella differs mainly from pyranthe in the terminal 
border of the fore wing; pyranthe has a continuous band, 
broad at the apex and narrowed posteriorly; florella has a 
narrow macular band, as broad in interspace 2, as at the apex. 
The difference is only clearly shown in the females. 
The female is occasionally very plentiful in Ceylon, and is 
found in company with pyranthe from Galle to Jaffna. I am 
uncertain if I can always distinguish the male from pyranthe, 
as it seems to grade perfectly. The female is certainly very 
