86 THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 
following the rains. The warm season form is very plentiful 
here all the year round, and is found everywhere on the 
patanas of Uva from 500 to over 6,000 feet elevation. It is 
common at Galaha, near Kandy. 
The size of my specimens varies from 26 to 45 mm. in 
expanse, dwarfs being by far the commonest. I have one 
specimen in which the ground colour is almost white. 
153. TERIAS VENATA CINGALA with f. RAMA. Terias cingala 
and vama, M.; Terias (Nirmula) venata, E. 
T. venata is found in India, China, the Philippines, etc, 
Moore separated this into cimgala and rama, and, taking 
extreme examples, the difference is considerable, especially 
in the females. Cingala has the apex of the fore wings 
rounded, vama has it acuminate. Other differences are :— 
In cingala $.—Upper side: The black border of the fore 
wing is but slightly, if at all, narrowed below vein 1, and it is 
continued as a fine black line. the whole length of the dorsum 
to the base ; its inner edge is very slightly produced inward 
along veins 2 and 3; there is a distinct black streak on the 
disco-cellulars, and the veins of the upper half of the wing are 
marked out in black; the sex mark is large. 
Under side: All markings are very indistinct; on the fore 
wing there is usually a minute black spot at the upper apex 
of the cell, and others at the end of each vein, but all these are 
sometimes absent. The discal bands on the hind wing, 
though faint, can almost always be distinguished. 
In vama $.—Upper side: The black border of the fore 
wing is abruptly narrowed below vein 1, and is not continued 
along the dorsum ; its inner edge is strongly produced inwards 
along veins 2 and 3; there is no disco-cellular streak, and 
the veins are not marked out in black ; the sex mark is smaller. 
Under side: There is a distinct black linear spot at the 
upper apex of the cell. On the lower wing there is a black 
spot in the basal half ot 7, and a series of three dusky spots 
across the wing near the middle of the cell. The discal bands 
are very Clearly marked, 
In cingala 9.—Upper side: The black border of the fore 
wing is of nearly’even width from vein 4 to the tornus, and it 
