98 | THE BUTTERFLIES OF CEYLON 
2 and 3 of the fore wing, the terminal halves of the veins on 
the hind wing are very lightly marked with grayish-black , 
and there is a narrow gray marginal line at the tornus. 
It is normally an insect of the dry low-country, but it 
often joins in the November-December flights, and may then 
be found at any elevation. I received a very dark variety of 
the female from Ohiya (6,000 feet) in October, 1917, before 
the flights had started. It was in perfect condition, not like 
those that have “‘ flighted ’’ far; it may, therefore, occasion- 
ally breed in the hills. 
I have found it especially abundant in the Hambantota | 
District in March and May, and in the Mannar country in 
July, November, and January. 
169. APFIAS HIPPO TAPROBANA, B. Appias taprobana, M.: 
Appias lyncida taprobana, E. Moore also gives A. vacans, 
which is only a lightly marked variety. 
Bingham separates the race taprobana from Southern 
India and Ceylon, from hiffo, by the tact that, on the under 
side ot the hind wing, the sub-costal vein and veins 6, 7, and 
8 are conspicuously edged with black in ¢aprobana, whereas 
they are yellow in fippo. This does not apply to all Ceylon 
specimens, as, in my experience, almost 25 per cent. show no 
signs of this black edging. The width of the black border 
tu the hind wing below is extremely variable, and specimens 
in which this border is narrow (viz., A. vacans) seldom show 
any black edging to the veins. All varieties fly together. 
I have been collecting in Ceylon for twenty-seven years 
before I caught a specimen of this butterfly. In May, rox6, 
I saw a fair lot of males while travelling from Galle tc 
Tangalla. After entering the dry zone east of Tangalla I saw 
no more, although species of Cappans, which is said to be its 
food plant, are plentiful between Tangalla and Hambantota, 
and much scarcer further west. It continued to be plentiful 
at Tangalla till, at any rate, the end of October, and I also 
received specimens from Kandy in September and October. 
It was fairly common round Galle in July, 1918, especially 
at Gintota, where I saw numbers flying round a tree of 
Crate@va roxburghi, on which I also found the larve. 
