ig —«s- RECORDS OF FHM BOTANICAL sURVAY oF INDIA. 
Epiphytic orchids and ferns cluster on the trunks of the trees, mosses 
clothe them and lichens disguise them ; an occasional Fagraea ovata Wall. 
or Connarus Wightii Hook. £. is £stooned among the branches and. the 
flowers of Aeschyananthus Perottetii A. DC., here and there 
of brighter colour, © . si. 4 
_ Where the soil is pooror shallow the trees of the tallest story are 
either absent or reduced in size and only three stories are present. Here 
the tree Composite, Vernonia monosis Benth. appears. . 
Further features of interest in this zone are the tree ferns (Alsophila), 
_ the Podostemoniaceae on semi-submerged rocks in the streams, the justly 
dreaded “ Elephant-nettle,” Zaportea crenulata Gaud., and the only South. 
Indian Conifer, Podocarpus latifolia Wall., though this latter is rare in 
these bills. : : 
_ {c) The upper evergreen sub-type, above 5,000 feet. 
__ This type oceurs both in continuous expanses of forest (see Plate IV) 
and in isolated patches punctuating the open grass lands of the next type 
~ (see Plate V). These latter patches usnally surround and line the depres- - 
___ sions and ravines that form the sources of streams. : 
aS he margins of the forests of this type are generally extraordinarily 
abrupt where they border on grass land, giving the appearance ofa wall 
across the open downs.: a. 
In- these forests. we find: —Michelix \nilagivica .Zenk., Mahonia 
_Seschenaultii Vak., Burya japonica Thunb.; Hlaocarpus Serrugineus Wight., 
= Apodytes Benthamiana Wight., Luonymus indicus Heyne., 3 species of 
Tlew, species of Microtropis, Turpinia pomifera DC., Pithecolobium éub- 
coriaceum Thw., 3 species of Rubus. (mainly alone the outer edges and in: 
- giades),. Eugenia: Arnottiana. Wight., Eugenia - calophyllifolia Wight., 
= Rhonamgrisen Fomentaes Wight., Medsnella Beddomei C. B. Clarke (? i. 
 fiucksi des Gai dP olysc acuminata Seem., Senecio corymbosus Wall., 
Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall. along the margins), Riododeudron 
arboreum Sm., Ardisia rhomboidea Wight., Symplocos tetmallagren Bedd., - 
| Cinnamomum Wight: Meissn., Pilea uw Bedd.,. Cirrhopetalum 
~ Gambler Hook. f., derides radicosum A. Rich., Pilcsuthee neilgherrensi¢: 
ee Wight., and Arisaema tortuosum Schott, = eS 
_ The curious little epiphyte Zmpatiens Jordy os Ot aa 
‘dhe ste plete slg ee ap ee ae aaa 
especially on Eurya japonica Thunb. and Rhadodas gee ee en 
. 6 dhe grass-land type, running fro1 1 3.00 
, lend a touch 
Here again a division according 
een the two sub-types is not at pat : 
‘approximation at 6,000 feet. The lower 5 ee 
