The geographical and seasonal variations of Coenonympha pamphilus L. 197 
"est of the pattern is scarcely discernible. Esper’s very rough 
igure, is evidently meant to represent these features. Ihe I gen. 
ıntelyllus, mihi, agrees with the II on upperside by its pale ochreous 
iinge, but the thin premarginal streak is lighter in colour and less 
sharp in outline, although it is distinctly separated from the margin 
by an ochreous space; on hindwing it is even broken up into a 
series of lunules; on underside it is equally thin and it contains a 
few silvery scales; the hindwings on this surface differ from those 
of the II generation, in which they are pale yellow or buff, by 
being of a warm brownish gray, much darker an basal half, as 
far as median line, than on outer half; they thus resemble Zyllides, 
but they are lighter and warmer in tone. My type is from Cor- 
dova in Andalucia, collected on April 11 th, 1901 by Col. Yerbury, 
and the rest of the series is probably in the British Museum, 
whence I have received it. 
I have named forrida in the Bull. Soc. Entom. Italiana, 
XLII, p. 271, p. I, fig. 11 (1911) the form collected by me, during 
August, at Palao, on the northern coast of Sardinia and which 
was perfectly racial there. At Tempio, m. 700, in the cork-oak 
woods, a form similar to the more usual African one, was preva- 
lent. The characteristic of forrida is its extreme degree of pa- 
leness on both surfaces, with only a slight trace of the central 
streak on underside. The I gen. /pllides, Vrty., Bull.Soc. Entom. 
Italiana, XLV, p. 226, pl. 1, fig. 34—37 (1914), of Sardinia I have 
described from a March series of Lanusei. Its features consist 
in the division of the underside of hindwing by a sharp line 
into a dark basal zone and a light outer one, as in antelyllus, 
but more heavily loaded withpigment generally; eye-spots pro- 
minent on all the wings and a second one between the two 
cubital nervures of forewing in most specimens; white spaces of 
iunderside effaced or nearly so. The I gen. sicula, Zeller, Isis, 
‚1847, p. 146, described from Messina and Oyracuse, in Sicily, I 
have already discussed above, as being intermediate between /pllides 
and emiaustralis and ranging with its individual variations 
from one to the other. Many individuals of my large series irom 
'S. Martino alle Scale m. 700, near Palermo, have such pronounced 
white spaces and are so variegated on underside they actually resemble 
the English race; this is rather interesting, considering, also the 
I gen. of P. machaon from there resembles the English one. The 
Il gen. of Palermo I have named gigas in the Ento mologist's 
Record, 1919, p. 122: it is much larger than the nymotypical 
‚Iberian Ipllus and more pigmented and brightly coloured; the under- 
side pattern is more variegated and prominent and a narrow white 
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