The geographical and seasonal variations of Coenonympha pamphilus L. 201 
entire race can bear this name in most localities. I have evidence 
to this effect from Macedonia (Lambet, Janes, Kireckj) and Corfu. 
In Italy this form, as distinguished from l/atenierata, is so 
extremely rare that I have only seen two females of it collected 
‚together at the end of August, on Mt. Fanna, m. 600, above Flo- 
‚rence, and now in my possession. The race of Peninsular Italy, 
‚most broadspread from Liguria to Calabria, should be called 
‚australis, the name | gave its I generation in 1914 (Bull. Soc. 
‚Ent. Italiana, XLV, p. 227, pl. I, fig. 38). The actual „type“ I have 
‚figured from the hills of Macerata, m 300 (Piceno), is an autumnal 
‚specimen of September 24th, but my original description was 
drawn from spring series and I remarked in it that they are iden- 
‚tical to the one figured, so that I think it would be absurd to 
‚raise a question abut it and to create another name for the 
I generation. In the Entomologist’s Record, 1916, p. 171, 
‚and 1919, p. 121, I have already described in english the cha- 
‚racteristics of this race and its interesting reasonal polymorphism: 
murina, Vrty.. australis, Vrty., emilyllus, Vrty., E. R., 1919, p. 122, 
‚aestivalis, Rocci, followed again by a few australis and murina, 
‚with even the androconi scales like those of the spring examples. 
‚Turner has contributed a conspectus of it in the Proc. South 
London Ent. Soc., 1924. I thus need only recall here that in 
‚damp surroundings on the coast of Central Italy a striking race is 
‚developped, in the II generation, with a broad and very black 
‚marginal band, I have named /atenigrata in the Ent. Rec., 1919, 
'p. 122. In high mountains of Central Italy the I gen. is like 
‚emiaustralis, Vrty., of Central Europe and the II is aestivalis, Rocci. 
As far as I have been able to make out, at low altitudes in the 
‘Po Basin there exists australis with all its seasonal forms as in 
‚Central Italy; for instance, at Ponzone, m 800, near Acqui, in 
‚Central Piemont, I collected on Aug. Sth, 1912, a series of emi- 
‚Iyllus, quite similar to the typical ones of Florence, whilst Rocci’s 
‚description of aestivalis is from Turin. He gave the name in a 
‚general way to “the lighter forms of the summer generations 
found everywhere on the Continent and specially in northern and 
‚Central Italy“, as a substitute to the name Ipllus so surprisingly 
‚misapplied by all Authors“ (Soc. Ligustica Sc. Nat., 1913, 
pP. 6). By distinguishing more exactly the extreme form emilylius 
‚of the early emergence (July and beginning of August) of the 
| II generation, I restricted Rocci’s name to its later forms, not as 
light“, but quite enough so to agree with his diagnosis and 
‚agreeing with it, in er better, because it is applicable, in this 
‚sense, also to the forms found on the Continent, further north 
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