Penrose.] APATITES OF NORWAY. 43 
or red. Some of it is the richest phosphate at present mined, aver- 
aging at times over 90 per cent, of phosphate of lime. 1 (See analyses, 
p. 45). 
The mineral occurs in veins in the country gneisses, granites, quartz- 
ites, and schists, and also in a rock called by Brogger and Eeusch spotted 
gabbro (gefleckter Gabbro), which is composed of brown hornblende and 
white or gray labradorite. It is generally supposed to be of eruptive 
origin. From its description it is very similar to the rock, including 
the apatite, at Bell's mine, Storrington, Ontario, described above, which 
is composed of green hornblendes and white feldspar, and occurs as 
an apparently eruptive mass in the country gneiss. The apatite seems 
to occur indifferently in this hornblende rock and in the other country 
rocks, though, s^herever it has been discovered in the latter, the spot- 
ted gabbro is generally found in the neighborhood. The apatite is asso- 
ciated most commonly with micas, enstatite, hornblende, pyroxene, 
albite, tourmaline, copper and. iron pyrites, and other minerals, includ- 
ing many other species of rarer occurrence which are hereafter enume- 
rated. As in the Canadian deposits, the contents of the veins are 
variable, being in some places composed almost entirely of either mica 
or enstatite, or both, and in others consisting of apatite with only a 
few micaceous and pyroxenic impurities. The veins are markedly dif- 
ferent from the Canada veins in the fact that they contain only very 
little carbonate of lime. The large calcareous veins containing apatite^ 
which are so common in the Canadian apatite districts, are never found 
in the apatite districts of Norway. The apatite veins in Norway are 
often very numerous and run in all directions, forming a perfect net- 
work all through the rock. Thus at Oedegarden there is an area of 
58 square rods which is cut up by innumerable veins of all sizes. The 
principal one of these has been worked to a considerable extent; it dips 
at 45°, has a thickness of one foot to four feet, and a length of about 
five hundred yards. Dr. C. U. Shepard, jr., who visited it in 1874, 
says: "It was found in the face of a low, rocky ledge, occurring in 
mica and a clay slate." 2 The veins often show a banded structure, hav- 
ing the mica and hornblende on the outside and the apatite in the cen- 
ter, though in other places they also show, as is generally the case in 
Canada, a confused mass of crystallized minerals. At Kegardsheien 
there are five parallel veins, one of them one and a half feet thick 
and one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet long ; four dip at 30°, 
while the fifth is almost vertical (Brogger and Keusch). At Kra- 
geroe there is a large vein seven feet wide. It occurs in granitoid and 
schist rocks, though from the summit of the hill, from which it crops 
out, there protrudes the eruptive gabbro. The vein matter is com- 
1 Some of the phosphate deposits of Norway, especially at Krageroe, partake very 
much of the nature of phosphorites, hut they are all classed together here, as hoth 
varieties are so intimately associated that they cannot he conveniently separated. 
2 Dr. C. U. Shepard, jr., MS. 
(517) 
