130 MINERAL SPRINGS OF THE UNITED STATES. [bull.32. 
OHIO. 
The list of Ohio mineral springs is based upon material derived from 
the State geological reports. The list thus obtained, supplemented by 
information obtained through correspondence, was submitted to the in- 
spection of Prof. Edward Orton, of Columbus, Ohio. Speaking of the 
list, in a letter, he says, "It might be indefinitely extended or it might 
be considerably reduced." Referring to the belt of black Devonian 
shale that traverses the State from Lake Erie to the Ohio Valley, he 
says: "This formation as a rule yields but little water. The springs 
issuing from it, except at the very base, are weak, but they carry iron 
and sulphur almost everywhere. In Adams County, for example, if 
there is one mineral spring there are thousands. Four are credited on 
the list. One of these is a place of resort, -but the others are identical 
in character with hundreds of others on all sides. They have come into 
recognition possibly through the superior intelligence or energy of their 
proprietors, who call attention to them in one way or another. What is 
true of Adams County is equally true of Scioto, Pike, Ross, and Picka- 
way, and to a less extent of the northern counties that hold the shale. 
The list in Delaware County might be increased to hundreds. The 
springs that issue from the base of the formation often have good 
volume, and these make a group by themselves (Mineral Springs, 
Adams County ; Campbell's Spring, Pike County, &c). Very much the 
same line of remark applies to the so-called chalybeate springs, derived 
from the drift formation. * * * There are considerable districts in 
which a bed of bog-ore underlies the drift beds, and all the wells and 
springs in these districts might be called chalybeate." 
Professor Orton thinks also that if all the calcic waters were included 
the list might be almost indefinitely expanded. As already intimated, 
we have included only those springs mentioned in the geological reports 
or of which definite information was secured by letter. 
A complete list would perhaps include the saline and brine springs 
of the State, but they have been considered in another place. 1 A small 
proportion of the springs are utilized as resorts and the waters of a 
very limited number are used commercially. 
1 See Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Years 1883 and 1884, article 
Salt, p. 836. Washington, 1885. 
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