76 PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW YORK DEVONIAN. [bull. 120. 
in central and eastern New York below the Oneonta sandstone, after 
the Tally limestone and Genesee shale have disappeared. 
In reference to this correlation it is interesting to state that one of 
the New York geologists looked over the Spragueville collection, 
called it " high Hamilton" and said that it did not represent the Che- 
mnng at all. It might be added that collections from the so-called 
Tally, Genesee, and Chemnng have been shown different New York 
geologists, not one of whom agrees with the correlation of the Penn- 
sylvania survey. » 
The correlation of the " Chemung" of eastern Pennsylvania with the 
New York formation presents a more difficult problem than that of the 
u Genesee and Tuily limestone," but I would call it Lower Portage. 
This subject has been considered quite fully in a recent paper, and 
some of the data in favor of such correlation may be found in that 
article. 1 
The Starucca sandstone was at first regarded as the base of the 
Catskiil, 2 but in the following report it was considered as probably 
Upper Chemung. 3 
Finally, Prof. White writes: "My own opinion is that we should 
separate the Chemung and Catskiil at the horizon of the lowest red 
beds, for these seem to come in at about the same general zone every- 
where, and it is the only possible means of separation, for if we only 
rely upon fossils alone we can follow them up through the series until 
they leave us no Catskiil at all, when we know absolutely we have 
1,000 to 2,000 feet of them at these very localities.'' 4 
Any geologist who has followed this series of rocks from central 
New York eastward to the Catsldlls, and then along their eastern slope 
into Pennsylvania, knows very well that the red beds appear at differ- 
ent horizons in various parts of the area, and also realizes the utter 
impossibility of indicating the same approximate horizon by drawing 
a line through the lowest red beds. 5 
The Starucca sandstone is still left by Prof. Lesley as the base of 
the Catskiil. 
'Prosser, Am. Jour. Science, 3d ser., Vol. XL VI, pp. 212-230. 
2 Prof. White, G s , p. 102, where n is stated: "In Wayne and Susquehanna counties the Catskiil 
series is terminated below by a bed of greenish-gray sandy shales in which are often interstratified 
thin beds of sandstone which rarely become massive. From its occurrence near Starucca it was called 
the Sfarucca shale." 
3 The professor said, "it seems probable that the GOO feet of grayish-green heds at the top of the 
Chemung in Pike and Monroe, which in G G were referred to the Catskiil, under the name of Starucca 
beds, may be the equivalent of a portion of the Upper Chemung of this district, and therefore errone. 
ously referred to the Catskiil in G« (G 7 , p. 73). 
4 Letter of February 22, 1892. 
c The most recent expression of this fact is by Mr. N. H. Darton, who says : "The lowest red beds 
have often been used as a criterion of discrimination between Chemung and Catskiil, but they vary 
in stratigraphic position from the upper beds of the Hamilton, in eastern New York, to near the base 
of the Lower Carboniferous, in northwestern Pennsylvania, a difference in horizon of several thou- 
sand feet," (Am. Jour. Sci. 3d ser. Vol. XLV, p. 208). 
G SeeSum. Desc. Geol. Penn., Vol. II., 1892, pp. 157G, 1585, 1597. 
