DAETON.] 
VIRGINIA. 1 75 
of 315 feet, no doubt draws from the Potomac formation, but I have 
not been able to determine the precise horizon. The well at King and 
Queen probably draws from the basal Pamunkey bed. The others, at 
West Point, Plum Point, Dudleys Ferry, Bellevue, Puritan Bay, Shep- 
pard's warehouse, etc., draw from the lower and basal Chesapeake beds, 
which are found at a depth of 160 feet at West Point and 226 feet at 
Gabels Mill. The deep boring- at Gloucester is only a few miles from 
the wells on York Biver, but it found no water down to a depth said 
to be over 600 feet. The relations of these wells and borings are shown 
in section 3 of PI. XVI, and their distribution is indicated on the map, 
PI. XV. The section shows the manner in which the beds dip gently 
to the eastward, but as the section line is on a northwest-southeast 
course it does not iudicatethe maximum inclination, which is almost 
due east. 
I have not been able to obtain many data for the York Biver wells, but 
the following general record, furnished by Mr. F. E. Pearce, of West 
Point, will afford an idea of the stratigraphy in the West Point region: 
Feet. 
0-20 clay and sand. 
1 20-110 blue clay. 
110-160 sand, with water above and sandstone 1 to 16 feet thick below. 
160 water. 
Wells along the Rappahannock River. — At frequent intervals along 
this valley from Xaylors Wharf to Windmill Point there are flowing 
wells which furnish large supplies of good water. They are at Naylors, 
Bowlers Wharf, Sharps Wharf, Monatico Creek, Whealton, Monaskou, 
Carters Creek, and Weems. They draw their water mainly from two 
horizons in and near the base of the Chesapeake formation, but at Xay- 
lors and Sharps Wharf a water-bearing bed in the Pamunkey sands 
has been reached. The structural relations of these waters are so 
clearly represented on section 2 of PI. XVI that they do not require 
discussion. The depths gradually increase to the east at a rate of 
about 6 feet per mile along the Bappahannock, but this river flows at 
an angle of nearly 45 degrees to the maximum inclination, which is 10 
feet per mile nearly due east. 
The beds which are penetrated in the wells are nearly all represented 
in the boring to a depth of 386 feet at Naylors Wharf, of which Mr. 
L. Bude has kindly furnished the following record : 
Feet. 
0-20 surface deposits. 
20-120 blue fullers' earth. 
120 135 marl. 
135-155 strata of rock from 1 to 5 feet apart and containing water. 
155-170 black sand. 
170-260 blue fullers' earth. 
260-275 dark orange-colored loam. 
275-325 black sand full of water, which rises to 35 feot above tide. 
325-385 blue fullers' earth, underlain by a soft rock layer, with water 
that rises to 45 feet above tide. 
