DAETON.] VIRGINIA. 185 
RICHMOND COUNTY. 
The experience of the Sharps Wharf and Xaylors Wharf borings 
indicates the extension of the basal Chesapeake waters through the 
county and the existence of a mid- Pamunkey water in large volume. 
(See sec. 2 of PI. XII). The Xaylors Wharf well reached the basal 
Pamunkey water at 386 feet, and this water will no doubt be found to 
underlie all of the county if there is occasion to go below the mid- 
Pamunkey and basal Chesapeake horizons for water supplies. 
NORTHUMBERLAND AND LANCASTER COUNTIES. 
The conditions and prospects in these counties are similar to those in 
Richmond and Westmoreland, but the dip to the eastward carries the 
water horizons deeper, as is shown in sections 1 and 2 of PI. XYI. The 
wells in Northumberland and Lancaster counties draw their supply 
from the lower and basal Chesapeake horizon, as shown on PI. XII, and 
there has been no occasion to go to the deeper waters which no doubt 
underlie the counties. 
SPOTTSYXVANIA COUNTY. 
The eastern corner of this county is underlain by the Potomac forma- 
tion, and there is every prospect that this area will prove to be under- 
lain by basal Potomac waters, if not also by waters higher in that 
formation. 
CAROLINE COUNTY. 
All but the western corner of this county is underlain by the Poto- 
mac, Pamunkey, and Chesapeake formations, in which the prospects 
for water are everywhere excellent. I have learned of no deep wells, 
but have no doubt as to the extension of the water-bearing beds. The 
structure is similar to that shown on the western third of section 2 of 
PI. XVI. At Bowling Green I believe that water may be expected in 
the basal Pamunkey beds, if not also in the basal Chesapeake horizon, 
and there are further chances for water in the Potomac formation 
below. It is estimated that the basal Pamunkey gravels lie about 300 
feet below the court-house at Bowling Green. 
ESSEX COUNTY. 
The conditions in this county are similar to those in Westmoreland 
and Kichmond counties, as described above and shown in section 2 of 
PI. XVI. The well at Bowlers Wharf found plenty of water at 143 
feet in the horizon about 100 feet above the base of the Chesapeake 
formation. 
MIDDLESEX COUNTY. 
Xo wells are reported from this county, but the conditions and pros- 
pects are similar to those described under Lancaster County. 
