DAMON.] VIRGINIA. 187 
beds, which in all probability carry their usual water supply. No wells 
have been bored to them, but the outcrops exhibit gravel deposits at 
the base of the Patnunkey marls and coarse gravel and sand in the 
Potomac formation, which are the requisite conditions for water-bearing 
beds. The well at Bothwell is in the sandstone of the Newark forma- 
tion, a water bearer which is not under discussion in this report. The 
wells at Ashland are in basal Potomac beds and the underlying disin- 
tegrated granite. 
NEW KENT COUNTY. 
This county presents similar conditions to those in central and east- 
ern King William. The wells at White House indicate the extension 
of the basal Pamunkey waters, and the wells to a depth of 168 feet at 
Plum Point and 160 feet at West Point indicate the presence of basal 
Chesapeake waters. The boring which was abandoned at 80 feet at 
Providence Forge would no doubt have reached the basal Chesapeake 
waters at no great depth below. 
CHARLES CITY COUNTY. 
I have learned of no wells in this county, but there exists in it the 
same favorable conditions for water as in New Kent County. The 
Potomac formation is not far below tide- water level in the eastern 
portion of the county, where it presents the relations shown in section 4 
of PI. XVI. The coarse, gravelly basal beds of the basal Pamunkey 
beds pass beneath tide-water level near the western border of the 
county, and no doubt will yield water to the eastward as far as the 
Chickahominy Eiver. 
Of the basal Chesapeake beds, which underlie all of the eastern 
portion of the county, I can speak with less confidence, for they have 
not yet been explored on this section of James Eiver. In the outcrops 
about the City Point region they are gravelly sands only a few inches 
thick, but water runs out of them in springs and seeps in every 
exposure. At Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Homewood they yield 
large supplies of fine water. 
JAMES CITY COUNTY. 
The success of the many wells about West Point and of the wells at 
Jamestown, Williamsburg, and Homewood would appear to indicate a 
general extension of the basal Chesapeake water horizon under this 
county. The failure of the deeper well at Williamsburg to find water 
at this horizon can, I believe, be explained only by the suggestion that 
the water was overlooked in boring, as it was found in the shallower 
well, but the deep well no doubt indicates the absence of waters in the 
basal Pamunkey beds. 
YORK AND WARWICK COUNTIES. 
No wells have been reported in these counties, but possibly the 
waters found at Gabels Mill, Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Homewood 
