KAWSOME] IOWA MINE. 157 
purpose being taken from the Animas River just below Howardsville. 
In 1900 a substantial plant was also being installed at the same plaeo 
for generating power by steam. 
Iowa mine.— The, Iowa mine also lies on the west side of Silver 
Lake and joins the Silver Lake property on the south. A prospect 
in 1881, its growtli has, in a general way, followed that of its larger 
neighbor. The principal development has been on the Iowa, East 
Iowa, Stelzner, and Melville lodes. The last is probably continuous 
with the Black Diamond-Royal lode, but has not proved profitable in 
the Iowa mine, as it lias in the Silver Lake ground. Practically all of 
the stoping has been on the Iowa, East Iowa, and Stelzner lodes. The 
relation of these three lodes, as shown in fig. 2 (p. 51), illustrates admi- 
rably the arrangement of veins en echelon, as observed in the small 
ore-bearing stringers or the surface. The Stelzner lode becomes 
small and poor at its southern end and is succeeded on the west by 
the overlapping East Iowa lode, which in turn is similarly succeeded 
by the Iowa lode. The Iowa and East Iowa lodes can be seen to die 
out in a few small stringers toward the north. That they actually 
terminate as individual lodes and do not open out again still farther 
northwest is shown by the fact that no lodes corresponding to them 
have been found in the two long crosscuts to the New York vein in 
the Silver Lake mine. Similarly, any southeasterly extension of the 
Stelzner and East Iowa should have been noted in the crosscuts of 
the Iowa workings. A lode plan such as is here described is not 
consistent with any extensive faulting along the lines of the fissures. 
The Iowa has been worked on four levels, connecting with the sur- 
face by adit tunnels. They are numbered from above down. Work 
at present is confined to levels 3 and 4. The distance between levels 
is not uniform. Thus from level 1 to level -2 is 100 feet; from level 2 
to level 3, 200 feet; and from level 3 to level 1, 130 feet, 
The best ore in the mine occurs in the Stelzner vein and is identical 
with that already described in the Silver Lake workings. It may 
carry 2 or 3 ounces of gold. The ore of the Iowa and East Iowa lodes 
is a heavy lead ore carrying little gold, and resembling the ore of the 
Silver Lake lode more than is usual in the veins of the second group. 
The main Iowa vein varies in width in its productive portions up 
to 15 feet. It is commonly between 2 and 5 feet wide. It dips steeply 
to the northeast, the average angle being near 80°. It is a generally 
simple and regular fissure vein, with well-defined walls. At its best 
it consists of nearly solid galena, with some quartz, chalcopyrite, 
sphalerite, pyrite, and chlorite. Comb structure is occasionally 
shown in the quartzose portions of the vein, and irregular vugs occur 
lined with crystals of quartz and galena. The galena sometimes 
occurs chiefly in the middle portion of the vein, as if it were of later 
crystallization than the quartz. In many cases, however, it is scat- 
tered through the vein in bunches without any apparent regularity. 
