96 CORRELATION OF GEOLOGICAL FAUNAS. [bull. 210. 
Ithaca formation, which has been demonstrated to lie below the Che- 
mung in the Ithaca section/' is opposed to the supposition that the 
horizon now under investigation is as high as the typical Chemung 
formation of western New York. 
Finally, there are 25 species which have not been recorded in the 
region below the base of what is there called the Chemung formation. 
These are tabulated in Table XXVIII. 
Table XXVIII. — Species which occur above the Oneonta formation but not in the 
Ithaca formation of the eastern counties. 
* 1. Bellerophon msera 2 
2. Camarotcechia eontracta. 
3. Edmondia philipi. 
4. Ectenodesma birostratum. 
* R 
Goniophora subrecta 
15. Onychodus hopkinsi. 
16. Palaeoneilo brevis var. quad- 
rangularis. 
*17. P. brevis., 3 3 
18. Pleurotomaria itys. 
*19. Productella lachrymosa 8 
*20. Pugnax pugnus . 3 
21. Schizodus gregariux. 
22. S. chemungensis. 
*23. S. chenmngensis var. quad- 
rangularis . _ . 3 
G. Grammysia communis. 
7. Holonema rugosa. 
8. Leiopteria rafinesquii. 
* 9. Leiorhynchus globuliforme .. ( .» 1 
*10. Leptodesma sociale . . 4 3 
*11. Lyriopecten priamus 3 
*12. L. tricostatus _ . 4 2 24. Sphenotus contractus. 
*13. Modiomorpha quadrula 4 25. Spirifer disjunctus. 
14. Mytilarca carinata. 
The species starred arc mentioned in more than onefaunnle; those 
not starred were positively identified but a single time in all the 
faunules analyzed. On the right of the starred species are numbers 
indicating, first, the number of positive identifications, then the 
number of doubtful specific identifications. When the number of 
doubtful identifications is large, variation is probably great. 
Only 3 of these 25 species belong to the standard list of dominant 
species of the western Chemung (see Table XXI). These are: 
Spirifer disjunctus. 
Productella lachryim >sa. 
Camarotoechia contracta. 
As has already been said, the first and last of these are reported 
but once. On the other hand, the fauna contains Pugnax pugnus, 
which is characteristic of the typical Ithaca fauna, but does not 
belong to the typical Chemung fauna of western New York. 
On the other hand, the following table (Table XXIX) shows a 
prominence of species which in the western New York Devonian are 
characteristic of an earlier stage in faunal development than that of 
the Spirift r disjunctus fauna. 
Table XXIX. — Dominant species above the Oneonta not confined to the horizon 
of the Chemung formation in western New York. 
Spirifer pennatus posterns. Delthyris mesicostalis. 
S. mesistrialis. Pugnax pugnus. 
Camarotoechia stephani. Chonetes setigerus. 
Cypricardella gregaria. Camarotoechia eximia. 
Tropidoleptus carinatus. Palaeoneilo constricta. 
"Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 3, 1884, p. 28. 
