86 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, 1902. [bull. 213. 
one another, both of unusual size. The work which has been done 
lately is purely in the nature of development, and consists in running 
a tunnel to tap the vein at a lower level than has been reached in the 
workings from the surface. This tunnel has reached and explored 
the vein for some distance, and it is claimed that careful assays show 
that the values are as good there as nearer the surface. Taken in con- 
nection with the vast quantity of ore, these values are sufficient to 
make the mine a great low-grade proposition, provided that power, 
water, etc., can be procured with sufficient cheapness to leave a 
margin of profit. There is, of course, a scarcity of water in the Sil- 
ver Peak region, but hot springs occur in the valley below Silver 
Peak, and electrical transmission of power from the streams of the 
neighboring White Mountain Range or from the Sierras is one of the 
possibilities. 
The veins lie in close connection with a mass of granite which is 
apparently intrusive into the ancient limestones, and it is believed 
that the vein has a close genetic relation to this granite. This point 
will be investigated more thoroughly the coining summer, and is an 
important one, inasmuch as it bears strongly upon the question of the 
persistence of the vein and its values in depth. 
Southern Klondike district. — This district has alread} r been referred 
to as lying '.» or 10 miles south of Tonopah. Its geology in general 
and its ore deposits are of an entirely distinct class from those at the 
first-mentioned camp. Topographically the country is much the same 
as at Tonopah, there being a number of low irregular mountains 
which do not rise greatly above the level of the desert vallej^s on each 
side. The district is surrounded by volcanic rocks, chiefly rhyolites, 
and these rhyolites occupy a portion of the district itself. The rest 
of the district is occupied chiefly by Paleozoic limestones, probably 
Cambrian or Silurian. 
There are two divisions of the Klondike camp — Klondike proper and 
East Klondike. In the former, which is the older camp, there is a 
long dike-like intrusion, in the limestone, of a siliceous granitic rock, of 
which some specimens examined seem to consist chiefly of quartz and 
muscovite, and are evidently closely related to similar rock described 
some years ago from Belmont, Nev., by the writer, and shown to be 
the same as the beresite of the Ural Mountains in Russia. The Bel- 
mont district lies nearly due north of Tonopah and Klondike. Close 
to the contact of this granitic mass with the limestone, and following 
the contact closely for a mile or more, is a quartz vein which at the 
surface carried scattered high values of silver and gold. The values 
were chiefly in silver chloride. Some parts of the vein contain galena, 
which is segregated in bunches. At the very contact of the granite 
or beresite with the limestone there is in i>laees a deposit of hard, 
nearly black hematite, which is seen to have been derived from the 
oxidation of original pyrite, which accompanied the contact in the 
