292 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, 1902. [bull 213. 
A coal sometimes reaching a thickness of 18 to 24 inches outcrops 
near the levels of the flats along the tributary of the Patoka River, 
northeast of Princeton, and near Townsend's quarry, north of the 
Patoka. It was formerly opened by strippings at several points. 
Two or more very thin coals show in the river bluff south of Patoka, 
one of which also outcrops near the base of the sandy bluffs H miles 
northwest of the town. A coal of variable thickness occurs along the 
bluffs bordering the White River, east of Hazelton, and is now being 
worked locally on a limited scale. This coal is not found at Hazelton, 
but about 2 miles northwest of the town it outcrops with a thickness 
of 3| feet in the banks of the White River, and is now worked by a 
stripping at the Wharf mine. Very thin coals occur in the Gorden 
Hills, near the dam at Grand Rapids, in the hills 2 miles southwest 
of Princeton, and at several points northeast of Owensville. A coal 
reaching a thickness ol* several feet is reported in the the Mumford 
Hills. With the exceptions noted above, none of the occurrences 
mentioned have been developed. 
In the southwestern portions of Vanderburg and in southeastern 
Posey County there is a rather persistenl coal, lying about 100 
feet above the main limestone (Somerville) of the region. Where 
pure it is but a few inches in thickness, but where shaly it sometimes 
increases to is inches or more. Il is associated with a thin limestone 
and appears t<> be persistenl for a considerable number of miles. 
West of Blairsville and Lippe this coal disappears below the sin-face 
and is succeeded by another small coal of similar character and asso- 
ciation about 70 feet higher up. r l nis can be traced to a point west, 
of the Mount Vernon division of the Evansville and Terre Haute 
Railroad, where the ouicrop disappears beneath a deep covering of 
glacial drift, loess, and marl. Both coals have been worked occasion- 
ally for fuel for thrashing machines, but are not worthy of systematic 
development. 
Lignite. — Coals from a few inches to a foot in thickness have been 
reported from a large number of the wells sunk in the glacial drift of 
the Patoka area. No samples were seen, but from the descriptions the 
material would seem to be a poor grade of lignite. The lignites appear 
to occur in a dark-grayish clay, usually reported as "blue mud," but 
they are also associated with water-bearing gravels in several 
instances. Though apparently sometimes overlaid by till, the beds 
associated with the lignites are probably water deposited. 
COAL IN ILLINOIS. 
Friendsville coal, — Only one coal has been mined in the portion of 
Illinois included in the quadrangle, though several smaller coals with 
thicknesses varying from 6 to 18 inches have been opened. These, 
however, are not persistent. The Friendsville coal outcrops near 
Friendsville and possibly at a few other points, but has seldom, if 
