14 A GAZETTEER OF TEXAS. [bull. 224. 
the total area of the State. The average .size of the cultivated area 
per farm was 6 acres. 
Owing to its wide range of climate the agricultural products of 
'Texas arc varied. In the eastern and central parts the principal crop 
is cotton, although corn and wheat also are produced in large amounts. 
In the west the principal industry is the raising of sheep. The follow 
ing table shows the principal farm products of the State: 
Principal farm products. 
Corn bushels. . 109, 970, 350 
Wheat - do.... 12,266,320 
Oats do.... 24,190,668 
Potatoes do. . . . 1, 342, 316 
Hay tons. . 1, 494, 305 
Cotton... bales.. 2,584,810 
The following table shows the number of live stock: 
Statistics of live stock. 
Horses 1,269,432 
Mules ---- 507,281 
Milch cows ..'. 861, 023 
Beef cattle . . . .• 8, 567, 173 
Sheep -" - 1,439,940 
The manufactures of the State are not of great importance. In 1900, 
however, there were 12,289 manufacturing establishments, with a total 
capital of $90,133,882. The employees of these establishments num- 
bered 18,152, and there was paid to them in wages $20,552,355. For 
raw materials was expended $67,102,769, and the products had a value 
of $119,111,982. 
Heretofore mining in the State has never been of great importance, 
but it is rapidly pushing to the front. Iron ores have been mined in 
the northeastern part of the State for several years. These are abund- 
ant, but of low grade. Coal has been found in several localities, but 
is nowhere mined on a commercial scale. Deposits of cinnabar have 
been discovered in the western part of the State, but the mines have 
not reached the producing stage. Gold, silver, and lead are found in 
few localities, but the product is of insignificant importance. Petro- 
leum was discovered in 1900 in the southeastern part of the State, the 
initial discovery being made at Beaumont, and this discovery prom- 
ises to become one of great importance. 
The lumber in the State of Texas is of great and growing impor- 
tance, although at the present rate of cutting it is probable that the 
forests will be greatly depleted in the near future. During the year 
1900 the cut of lumber amounted to 1,232,101 M feet B.-M. 
