GANNKTT.] 
GAZETTEER OF MARYLAND. 
Population of Maryland at each census since 1790. 
Census. 
Population. 
Increase. 
1790 
319,723 
341,548 
380,546 
407,350 
447, 040 
470,019 
583, 034 
687, 049 
780, 894 
934, 943 
1 ! 042, 390 
1,188,044 
P( ;' C( ul. 
1800 
6.8 
1810 
11.4 
1820 
7.0 
1830 
9.7 
1840 
5.1 
1850 
24.0 
1860 
17.8 
1870 
13.7 
1880 
19.7 
1890 
11.5 
1900 
14.0 
In 1780 Maryland was the sixth State in the Union in population. 
In 1900, although its inhabitants were 3.7 times as numerous, it had 
dropped to the twenty-sixth in rank, owing- to the rapid growth of the 
newer States in the Mississippi Valley. In 1900 the average density 
of population was 120 persons to the square mile. It has five cities 
which exceed 6,000 inhabitants, of which Baltimore has over half a 
million. The other four are as follows: Cumberland, 17,128; Hagers- 
town, 18,591; Frederick, 9,296; and Annapolis, the capital, 8,525. 
These five cities contain 46.9 per cent of the population of the entire 
State. In cities of more than 2,500 inhabitants live 48.8 per cent, 
or nearly one-half the population of the State, while the remainder, 
51.2 per cent, may be regarded as rural. In 1900 the population was 
divided almost equally between the two sexes, 49.6 per cent being 
males and 50.4 per cent being females. The negro population, though 
large for a border State, is diminishing in proportion to the whites. 
In 1900 the whites formed 80.2 percent and the negroes L9.8 per cent, 
or nearly one-fifth of the population. The number of foreign-born 
inhabitants was also small, the persons of native birth forming 1*2.1 
per cent, while those born in foreign countries were 7.9 per cent. 
Immigration from other States has not been large, since it is found 
that of the native population 13 per cent were born in other States. 
For a State containing so large a proportion of negroes, the illiteracy 
is slight. In 1900, persons of 10 years of age and upward who were 
unable to read and write constituted 11. 1 per cent of the population. 
The illiterates comprised only 4.1 percent of the native whites over 
10 years old, L3.4 percent of the foreign born, and 35.1 per cent of 
the negroes. 
