36 PETROLEUM OF PACIFIC COAST OF ALASKA. [bull. 250. | 
route. A third route would extend from a long pier on the eastern 
side of Controller Bay up the tidal flats east of Bering River, past 
the east end of Bering Lake and across Bering River above its en- 
trance into the lake; from here branches could be built up the east 
side of Shepherd Creek and up the northern bank of Bering River 
on the extension of the first route. The length of this road would 
be 15 miles from the pier to the junction on the north bank of 
Bering River. The distances from this point to the coal openings 
on Carbon Creek, and to the mouth of Stillwater Creek, are 17 
miles. This route would have the advantage of a more secure harbor 
than the first one, and also the advantage of a saving in distance. 
It would have the disadvantage of crossing Bering, Mtehawak, and 
other rivers, which are liable to severe floods every year, and the 
further disadvantage of having its harbor liable to be blocked with 
ice during some of the winter months. 
Another possible route would extend from the eastern shore of 
Controller Bay northeastward until it reached the dead moraine of 
the Bering Glacier; thence northward along the moraine to the 
shore of Bering River at or near the mouth of Stillwater Creek. 
From this point branches could be built up Bering River to Canyon 
Creek, up Stillwater Creek to the coal openings on Trout Creek and 
Lake Kushtaka, and either from the lake to Carbon Creek or by an 
independent route down Bering River and up Shepherd Creek to 
Carbon Creek. This route would have the advantage of easy and 
cheap grading over the dead gravel moraine and of crossing the 
rivers nearer their sources by a larger number of small bridges 
rather than by a few large ones. It would have the disadvantage 
of being somewhat longer than the last route. The petroleum could 
be shipped from the same harbor as the coal, and as the petroleum 
belt is nearer the coast the problem of transportation prior to water 
shipment would not be a serious one. The wells which have been 
drilled up to the present time, and probably those which will be 
drilled in the immediate future, are near the coast, so that transporta- 
tion to the piers could be effected by very short pipe lines. The pros- 
pective railroad to the coal mines would not at all be needed for the 
petroleum. 
If a field should be developed on Nitchawak River or to the east- 
Avard in the Yaktag region a long pipe line would be necessary, and 
shipments would have to be effected either from the eastern shore of 
Controller Bay or the pipe line could be carried across Bering River. 
It is said a company owning claims in this region has made surveys 
for a pipe line from Controller Bay to Cape Yaktag, a distance of 
about 75 miles. 
