CKEL.j 
ALABAMA. 65 
o the Georgia line, and sou uNtfAtt alia it forms the lower part of the 
scarpments of Blount and Chanohs^s Mountain. The Alabama Great 
Southern Railroad passes very near to^je outcrop from the Georgia 
ine down to Springville, Ala. South ofk^higville large outcrops 
ccur in Shades Valley, and at Trussville are quatujfis which have sup- 
lied the Birmingham furnaces. Analyses 10 to 17, mbl^isive, page 68, 
re of material from Trussville; and analyses 12 to 17, incisive, rep- 
esent average samples from carload lots delivered to f urnaceTS* 
In Murphrees Valley the main outcrop of this rock is on the westN^i 
de, and quarries at Compton have for many years been worked to 
ipply the Birmingham furnaces. Analyses 18, 19, and 20 of the 
3ck from these quarries show somewhat varying composition, but by 
roper selection suitable material could easily be obtained. 
In the valleys lying east of Shades Valley and in parts of Shades 
alley itself this formation becomes prevailing by shales and sand- 
ones, limestones being of limited occurrence and of inferior quality. 
CLAYS AND SHALES. 
The most important clays in the Paleozoic region occur in the Coal 
easures, in the Mississippian, and in the Ordovician and Cambrian 
>rmations. But, inasmuch as a later formation — the Tuscaloosa of 
te Cretaceous — borders the Paleozoic on the west and south, and as 
contains a great variety as well as abundance of clays, it will be 
scribed here, although it is not Paleozoic. 
ORDOVICIAN ("LOWER SILURIAN") AND CAMBRIAN SHALES. 
Associated with the cherty limestones and brown iron ores of these 
rmations are beds of fine white clay, much of it china clay, 
nalysis 7 of the second table on page 70 shows the composition of a 
pite clay from the brown ore bank at Rock Run, in Cherokee County, 
here the clay is about 30 feet in thickness. Analyses 8 and 9 arc 
so from Rock Run. No. 10, from near Gadsden, No. 11, from 
bunt County, and No. 12, from Oxanna, in Calhoun County, arc of 
lys which seem to be adapted to cement making. While no great, 
imber of the clays of these formations have been analyzed, they are 
; (1 iown to be widely distributed in Calhoun, Talladega, Jefferson, Tus- 
oosa, and other counties in connection with the brown ore deposits. 
4 MISSISSIPPIAN ("LOWER CARBONIFEROUS") SHALES. 
Associated with the cherty limestones of the lowermost division of 
e Carboniferous of some of the anticlinal valleys arc beds of clay of 
cellent quality, much of it being of the nature of china clay. 
Probably the best exposures of these clays are in Little Wills Val- 
(, between Fort Payne and the Georgia border, and on the line of 
e Alabama Great Southern Railroad, where for many } r ears quarries 
Bull. 243—05 5 
