126 
CEMENT MATERIALS AND INDUSTRY. 
[HULL. 24? 
PORTLAND-CEMENT RESOURCES OF FLORIDA. 
Though Florida is largely underlain by beds of limestone of Ter 
tiary and recent age, these are covered, over great areas, by late: 
deposits of sand and gravels. Owing partly to this, and more largeh 
to the lack of local fuel deposits and cement markets, no attempt ha: 
ever been made to manufacture Portland cement in the State. Shoul 
commercial conditions ever change so as to render a local cemen 
industry possible there will probably be little difficulty in locatin 
deposits of limestone suitable for use as Portland-cement materi 
for the St. Stephens limestone, which is so promising a source dj 
cement material in Alabama (see pp. 77-81), covers a large area it 
northern Florida, while other limestones of equal value as cemen 
materials outcrop elsewhere in the State. 
The analyses in the following table give some idea of the composU 
2 
tion of various Florida limestones. 
Analyses of limestones from Florida. 
' 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
it 
Silica (SiO a ) 
39. 01 
12.31 
0.17 
0.25 
0.12 
0.19 
0.07 
2.94 
s. 1 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 
Iron oxide ( Fe 2 : , ) - . . 
1.20 
.53 
12.19 
.66 
.20 
.07 
.17 
.07 
| .08 
.16 
.16 
. 23 
.7 
Lime (CaO) 
30. 99 
26.28 
54.03 
54. 01 
54.38 
55. 12 
54. 02 
51. 51 
47.2' 
Magnesia (MgO) 
.42 
16.72 
.29 
. 77 
.86 
.30 
1.06 
.71 
1.5 
Alkalies (Na 2 0, K 2 0) . 
.71 
.50 
n. d. 
n.d. 
n.d. 
n.d. 
n. d. 
n.d. 
n.d 
Sulphur trioxide (S0 3 ) 
.33 
n.d. 
n.d. 
n.d. 
n.d. 
n. d. 
n.d. 
n. d. 
n.d 
Carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) - 
24. 25 
38. 12 
42. 52 
42.84 
43.36 
43. 28 
43.20 
41.59 
39.1 
Water 
3.07 
2.99 
n.d. 
n.d. 
n. d. 
n.d.. 
n. d. 
2. 64 
3.3 
1. St. Stephens limestone, Wakulla County. Vol. 6, Tenth Census Reports, p. 193. 
2. River Junction, Escambia County. George Steiger, analyst. Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 16 
p. 257. 
3. Artesian well, Key West, 25 feet down. George Steiger, analyst. Ibid. 
4. Artesian well, Key West, 100 feet down. George Steiger, analyst, [bid. 
5. Artesian well, Key West, 150 feet down. George Steiger, analyst. I hid. 
6. Artesian well, Key West, 1,400 feet down. George Steiger, analyst. Ibid. 
7. Artesian well, Kev West, 2,000 feet down. George Steiger. analyst, ibid. 
8. Shell rock, near Fort Worth. F. W. Clarke, analyst. Ibid. 
9. Shell rock, near Seville. F. W. Clarke, analyst. Ibid. 
I'OKTLAND-CEMENT RESOURCES OF GEORGIA. 
PORTLAND-CEMENT MATERIALS. 
One Portland-cement plant is already in operation in Georgia, a 
the prospects for some extension of the industry seem good, thong 
the local maiket, unless it improves materially, will not justify :i 
great expansiom 
