•KEL.] 
MICHIGAN. 
193 
counties, * * * but are there concealed beneath surficial deposits, and also 
form a broad area which crosses the northern end of the Southern Peninsula from 
Alpena, on the border of Lake Huron, to Frankfort, on the shore of Lake Michigan. 
The limestone of the Traverse group comes to the surface at Alpena and is utilized 
by the Alpena Portland Cement Company. In the quarry where it is well exposed 
it is a light-colored compact rock, carrying corals and other fossils. Its composition 
is as follows: 
A nt i lyses of limestone from the quarries of the Alpena Portland Cement Company, Alpena. 
[Analyst, F. H. Haldeman.] 
Constituent. 
Silica (Si0 2 ) 
Calcium carbonate 
(CaCO g ) 
Magnesium carbo- 
nate (MgC0 3 ) .... 
Iron oxide (Fe 2 3 ) .. 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 
Total 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
0.36 
1.77 
0.33 
0.38 
1.38 
1.64 
1.46 
0.42 
95.91 
89. 10 
98.37 
98.03 
96. 35 
96. 50 
96.92 
98.04 
3.63 
8.67 
.92 
1.36 
.94 
1.26 
1.46 
.98 
} ■» 
.35 
.18 
.19 
1.21 
.27 
.54 
.18 
100. 03 
99.89 
99.80 
99.96 
99.88 
99.67 
99.90 
99.72 
0.68 
98.03 
1.05 
.26 
100. 02 
1. Quarry C: Shell to be removed on stripping; 1 to 2 feet thick. 
2. Quarry C: Top stratum, 2 feet thick. 
3. Quarry C: Second stratum, 2 feet thick. 
4. Quarry C: Third stratum, 4 feet thick. 
5. Quarry C: Fourth stratum, 2 feet thick. 
6. Quarry F: First stratum, 2 feet thick. 
7. Quarry F: Second stratum, 1 foot thick. 
8. Quarry F: Third stratum, 2 feet thick. 
9. Quarry F: Fourth stratum, floor of quarry. 
All samples show traces of sulphates and phosphates. 
The favorable results in the manufacture of Portland cement obtained from the 
use of the limestones just considered will no doubt stimulate further search for 
favorably situated outcrops of the same formations, in which the accompanying map, 
showing where they may be expected to occur, will be of assistance. 
"MICHIGAN SERIES." 
Russell describes the Michigan series as follows: 
Another formation containing limestone, present in southern Michigan, is desig- 
nated as the "Michigan series" on the map [PL VII], and belongs to the * * * 
Mississippian * * *. The limestones occur principally in the upper portion of 
the system and outcrop on the borders of the coal-bearing rocks which form the 
3urface. They are in great part concealed by glacial drift and other surficial rocks 
over an extensive area in the central part of the southern peninsula. 
The limestone of the Michigan series outcrops at Bay port and Sebewaing, in 
Huron County, on the east side of Saginaw Bay; on the Charity Islands;' at Belle- 
vue, in the southwestern part of Eaton County; and near the Portage River, about 
5 or 6 miles north of Jackson. Other localities where it is accessible no doubt occur. 
It has been quarried at Bayport, Bellevue, and near Jackson, and calcined to make 
lime. Its composition, as indicated by the following analyses (stated as published), 
is such as to make it suitable for use in the manufacture of Portland cement, but up 
to the present time it has not been utilized for this jpurpose. 
Bull. 243—05 13 
