!KEL.] 
NEW YORK. 
Analyses of Quaternary marls, New York. 
253 
No. 
Silica 
(Si0 2 ). 
Alumina 
(A1 2 3 ), 
Iron oxide 
(Fe20 3 ). 
Lime 
(CaO). 
Magnesia 
(MgO). 
Carbon 
dioxide 
(C0 2 ). 
Water, 
organic, 
etc. 
1 
0.40 
0.20 
0.20 
53. 50 
0.30 
n. d. 
(«) 
2 
1.10 
1. 50 
54. 54 
Trace. 
n.d. 
— 
3 
.49 
.35 
52.71 
Trace. 
n.<l. 
( & ) 
4 
5 
.50 
.42 
2. 00 
1.08. 
52. 70 
52. 36 
1.09 
1.01 
42.61 
42.26 
c0. 86 
6 
.54 
.56 
54. 40 
2.34 
42.20 
7 .- 
.14 
.36 
53.16 
1.50 
n.d. 
8 
.26 
.10 
52. 86 
.18 
41. 73 
4.64 
9 
.26 
.21 
.01 
50. 98 
. 19 
40. 26 
7.98 
LO 
6.22 
1.70 
.86 
47.86 
.04 
42.11 
(*) 
11 
2.10 
1. 93 
48.78 
1.10 
39. 53 

«S0 ;i , 1.7 
per cent. 
b CaS0 4 , 3.48 ] 
3er cent, c c 
;aS0 4 , 2.01 
>er criit. d Alkalies, 2.20 
per cent. 
1. Troquois Portland Cement Company, Caledonia, Livingston County. 
2. 3 miles east of Mumford, Livingston County. Bull. New York State Mus., No. 44, p. 793. 
3. 1 mile west of Bergen, Genesee County. J. A. Miller, analyst. Ibid., p. 785. 
4. Mumford, Monroe County. (Calcareous tufa.) Ibid., p. 797. 
5. Millcn Portland Cement Company, Wayland, Steuben County. 
6. Genesee Wayland Portland Cement Company, Perkinsville, Steuben County. 
7. American Cement Company, Jordan, Onondaga County. 
8,9. Empire Portland Cement Company, Warners, Onondaga County. 
10. Montezuma, Cayuga County. Mineral Industry, vol. 1, p. 52. 
11. Canastota, Madison County. Bull. New York State Mus., No. 44, p. 794. 
PORTLAND-CEMENT INDUSTRY. 
EARLY HISTORY. 
Portland-cement manufacture in New York State started only a few 
years after cement making- had been begun in the Lehigh district of 
Pennsylvania. The history of the New York industry was, however, 
entirely distinct from that of the Lehigh district. Men, materials, 
land methods were different, and in consequence the early history of 
the New York industry contains much of interest. A brief sketch of 
that early history is given in the following pages. For the data con- 
tained in this sketch the writer is indebted to Messrs. J. Gardner San- 
derson and Edward Duryee, who placed at his disposal much material 
concerning the early plants with which they were connected. 
The earliest experiments in the manufacture of Portland cement in 
this State appear to have been those carried on in the Rosendale region 
about 1875-76. They were made by a Mr. Dunderdale at East Kings- 
ton, Ulster County, Messrs. Cornell and Coykendall furnishing the 
capital. The materials used were marl, brought by way of the Erie 
Canal from the Montezuma marshes, and a clay obtained near the 
plant. Cement of a very high grade was manufactured, but the 
materials and processes used were of too expensive a character to 
permit the experiment to become financially successful. The details of 
the experiments are not at present obtainable, but some idea of the 
