286" 
CEMENT MATERIALS AND INDUSTRY. 
[m-LL. 1243, 
just above Catasauqua. In this quarry most of the beds are highly 
magnesian, and are therefore useful only for road metal and flux; but 
a few pure limestone beds occur, and the material from these low- 
magnesia beds is shipped to a neighboring cement mill. 
Numerous analyses of the highly magnesian limestones are available,, 
from which a few typical results have been selected for insertion here. 
Analyses of the purer limestone, used to add to the cement rock, willl| 
be found in table on page 289. 
Analyses of magnesian Kittatinny limestone. 
l 
2 
3 
4 
• 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
Silica (SiO,) .... 
9.9 
9.9 
8.8 
5.5 
9.8 
4.9 
2.0 
8.0 
4.1 
16.9 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 
1 
Iron oxide 
(Fe 2 3 ) ■ 
I 1 - 7 
1.7 
.8 
1.3 
3.7 
6.5 
8.4 
5.3 
1.6 
1.0 
Lime (CaO) 
27.6 
28.5 
29.4 
28.2 
26.4 
27.3 
32. 4 
26. 3 
30.3 
28. 3 
Magnesia(MgO). 
17.9 
17.3 
17.8 
20.2 
15.1 
14.6 
15.5 
17.4 
18.3 
15.3 
Carbon dioxide 
(C0 2 ) 
41.9 
41.5 
42.8 
44.3 
45.0 
44.8 
42.5 
41. 1 
44. 1 
38.9 
1. Chandlers Island, Sussex County, N. J. 
2. Sparta, Sussex County, N. J. 
3. Asbury, Warren County, N. J. 
4. Oxford Furnace, Sussex County, N. J. 
5. 6. Clinton, Hunterdon County, N. J. 
7. Pottersville, Somerset County, N, J. 
8, 9. Peapaek, N. J. 
10. Annandale, N. J. 
While all of the above analyses are from New Jersey localities the I 
magnesian limestone of the rest of the Lehigh district would give !| 
closely similar results. 
TRENTON LIMESTONE. 
The Lehigh cement rocks, which are approximately equivalent in 
age to the lowest Trenton beds of New York, are made up of a series 
of more or less argillaceous limestones. The formation appears to 
vary in thickness from 150 feet in New Jersey to 250 feet or even 
more at Nazareth and on Lehigh River. Its upper beds, near the I 
contact with the overhang Hudson shales, are very shaly or slaty | 
black limestones, carrying approximately 50 to 60 per cent of lime 
carbonate and 40 to 50 per cent of silica, alumina, iron, etc. Lower r] 
in the formation the percentage of lime steadily increases, while that ; j 
of clayey material decreases correspondingly, until near the base of' 
the formation the rock may carry from 85 to 95 per cent of lime car- j 
bonate with only 5 to 15 per cent of impurities. This change in chem- { 
ical composition is accompanied by a change in the appearance and 
physical character of the rock, which gradually loses its slaty fracture 
and blackish color as the percentage of lime increases, until near the j 
