340 
CEMENT MATERIALS AND INDUSTRY. 
Analyses of natural-cement rocks, Utica, III. 
[BULL. 
Silica (SiO a ) 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 
Iron oxide (Fe 2 3 ) . - - 
Lime (CaO) 
Magnesia (MgO ) 
Alkalies (K 2 0, Na 2 0). 
Sulphur trioxide (S0 3 ' 
Carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) 
Water 
12.22 
9. 39 
3.90 
24.40 
10.43 
n. d. 
n. d. 
38.48 
17.01 
3.35 
2. 39 
32.85 
8.45 
n. d. 
1.81 
34. 12 
3 
21.00 
2.00 
24.36 
14. 31 
.18 
n. d. 
34. 90 
3.00 
21.12 
1.12 
23. 66 
15.22 
n. d. 
n. d. 
35.35 
1.07 
a Far too low; true value is probably over 4 per cent. 
1. F. W. Clarke, analyst. Sample collected by E. C. Eckel. 
2. C. Richardson, analyst. Brickbuilder, July, 1897. 
3. Blaney & Mariner, analysts. Quoted by Worthen, Geology of Illinois, vol. 1, p. 151. 
4. Blaney, analyst. Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 13, p. 180. 
5. Average of preceding four analyses. 
The kilns in use in the Utica district in Illinois are elliptical 
cross section (plan) with vertical walls. The largest kilns of this t;\ 
are 30 feet in their longest inside diameter and 12 feet wide. Tb 
total height, with foundation, is 50 feet, giving a clear height of 
feet from bottom of draw hole to top of kiln. These kilns turn 
400 barrels (265 pounds each) of cement a day, taking 18 to 20 pom 
of coal per barrel of cement. This corresponds to a fuel consumpt 
of only 6.8 to 7.5 per cent. 
The second size of Utica kilns is 20 feet by 9 feet in its inside dial 
ters. The smallest size is, like the others, elliptical, with inside dia 
eters of 14: and 7 feet, respectively, and a height of 32 feet from 
of bridge wall to top of kiln. These kilns turn out 300 to 375 bar] 
per day. 
All the diameters quoted above arc internal measurements. r 
kiln shell proper is of one-fourth-inch sheet iron. This is lined, g 
cessively, with an 18-inch layer of ashes, 18 inches of stone or conn: 
brick, and 9 inches of fire brick. 
Analyses of natural cements, Utica, 111. 
Silica (Si0 2 ) 
Alumina ( A1 2 3 ) 
Iron oxide (Fe 2 3 ) . . . 
Lime (CaO) 
Magnesia (MgO) 
Alkalies (K 2 0, Na 2 0). 
Carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) 
Water 
1 
'2 
:$ 
4 
19. 89 
27.60 
34.06 
35.43 
11.61 
1.35 
10. 60 
.80 
5.10 
1.00 
\ 9.92 
29. 51 
33.04 
30. 24 
33. 67 
20. 38 
17.26 
18. 00 
20.98 
5.96 
7.42 
6.16 
n. d. 
\ n. d. 
2. 00 
4.84 
n.d. 
1 
1. Haas and McGraw, analysts. Engineering News, April 30, 1896. 
2,3. Quoted by Cummings." American Cements, p. 36. 
4. J. V. Blaney, analyst. Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. 13, p. 180. 
5. Average of preceding four analyses. 
