352 
CEMENT MATERIALS AND INDUSTRY. 
Tbull. 243 
what contracted to the drawing* level. The kiln space is lined with 8 
inch fire brick, and the space between these brick and the kiln shell i] 
filled with ashes. This kiln produces about 50 barrels of 265 pound* 
each a day, with a fuel consumption of 1 ton of Youghiogheny slack, 
Lignite slack, mixed half and half with Youghiogheny slack, has beer 
used at times, and apparently gives almost as good results as the bitu- 
minous slack alone. About 10 per cent of the total product is under- 
burned or clinkered. This record is about equivalent to a fuel con- 
sumption of 40 pounds per barrel, or 15.1 per cent on the weight oi 
cement produced. This is rather high fuel consumption for natural 
cement; but, on the other hand, the product is of peculiarly high 
grade, passing most Portland standards. 
Analysis of natural cement rock, North Dakota. 
Silica (Si0 2 ) 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 
I r< >n < >xide ( Fe 2 3 ) 
Lime (CaO ) 
Sulphur trioxide(S0 3 ).... 
Sulphur(S) 
14. 00 
6.70 
37.60 
. 58 
1.45 
111.60 
7.10 
35. 50 
.00 
1.38 
13.10 
7. 60 
37. 80 
n. (1. 
n. d. 
16.20 
7.56 
35.10 
n. d. 
n.d. 
16. 54 
8.20 
35.20 
n.d. 
n.d. 
6 
14.90 
8.28 
36.90 
n. d. 
n.d. 
15.24 
7.26 
36.70 
.40 
1.99 
19.20 
8.90 
32.60 
n. d. 
n.d. 
17.36 
8.78 
34. 90 
n. d. 
n. d. 
io 
16. 0C 
7.5C 
35. 60 
.67 
1.61 
NATURAL-CEMENT RESOURCES OF OHIO. 
Small natural-cement plants have been established at various points^ 
in Ohio, those at Defiance and New Lisbon being worthy of some 
notice. The Defiance plant used a black calcareous shale of Devonian i 
age. If published analyses be correct (see Nos. 1 and 2 in the follow- 
ing table), this rock is by far the most argillaceous material used any- 
where for this purpose. 
Analyses of natural-cement rocks, Ohio. 
Silica (Si0 2 ) 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 
Iron oxide (Fe 2 3 ) . . . 
Lime (CaO) 
Magnesia (MgO) 
Carbon dioxide (CO a ) 
Water and organic 
39. 95 
} 
20.22 
10.06 
2.92 
24. 03 
42.00 
,' 7. 00 
I 7.10 
9. 91 
5.81 
| 14. 18 
I 14.00 
16.41 
5. 44 
3.38 
26. 05 
12.55 
34. 32 
n. d. 
30. 60 
13. 00 
22.74 
7.23 
25. 81 
n. d. 
15.05> 
6.80* 
2.50- 
38.641 
1.62 
32.14' 
n. d 
1. Defiance. J. E. Whitfield, analyst. Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 55, p. 80. 
2. Defiance. R. C. Kedzie, analyst. Cement Directory. 
3. Eellaire. N. W. Lord, analyst. Repts. Ohio Geol. Survey, vol. 6, p. 673. 
4. Warnock. Wormley, analyst. Rept. Ohio Geol. Survey, 1870, p. 451. 
5. New Lisbon. N. W. Lord, analyst. Rept. Ohio Geol. Survey, vol. 6, p. 673. 
