KNNSYLVANIA. 
353 
NATUUAL-rKlMUNT RESOURCES OF PEMSYLVAMA. 
A fairly large production of natural cement has always been main- 
lined in the Lehigh district of eastern Pennsylvania, though at pres- 
nt natural -cement manufacture there is merely incidental to the great 
Portland cement industry of the district. 
The analyses following purport to be representative of the rock 
ised at various Lehigh district natural cement plants. It is hardly 
[ecessary to say that Nos. 1 and 3 are absolutely unfit for such use. 
Jo. 2, on the other hand, is quite satisfactory. It is regrettable that 
hese v^vy untrustworthy analyses are at present the only ones 
mailable. 
Analyses of natural-cement rod:, Lehigh district, Pennsylvania. 
ilica (Si0 2 ) 
luniina (A1 2 H ) 
ron oxide ( Fe 2 3 ) . . . 
ime (CaO) 
lagnesia (MgO) 
larbon dioxide (C0 2 ) 
iVatcr 
1 
»> 
:$ 
11.62 
L8.34 
27.77 
| 6.25 
7.49 
14. 29 
44.20 
37.60 
29. 94 
1.27 
1 . 38 
1.55 
36.11 
n. (1. 
31.06 
3. 94 
1 26.30 
19. 24 
9.34 
37. 25 
1.40 
32. 47 
1. Siegfried, Pa. Mineral Industry, vol. 1, p. !'.». 
2. Coplay, Pa. Ibid. 
3. Lehigh district. Quoted by C. Richardson. Brickbuilder, July, 1897. 
4. Average of preceding three analyses. 
The natural-cement kilns at one of the prominent Lehigh district 
►lants are about 30 feet in height, and of circular cross-section. Inter- 
ally they are almost exactly cylindrical, being 10 feet in diameter at 
he top and 9| feet in diameter at the base. The cement rock and fuel 
re fed in alternate layers, the fuel being anthracite coal broken to 
bout one-half inch size. From 35 to 50 pounds of coal are required 
o burn one barrel (300 pounds) of cement, corresponding to a full 
onsumption of 11.6 per cent to 16.7 per cent of the weight of cement 
•roduced. 
Analyses of natural cements, Lehigh district, Pennsylvania. a 
ilica (Si0 2 ) 
11 tin i ina (A1 2 3 ) 
on oxide (Fe 2 3 ) . . . 
ime (CaO) 
lagnesia (MgO) 
[lkalies (K 2 0, Na 2 0). 
|ulphur trioxide (S( >., ) 
arbon dioxide (C0 2 ). 
tater 
18.18 
18.28 
9. 78 
7.43 
69.18 
51.53 
1.98 
2.07 
n. d. 
1.50 
n. d. 
n. d. 
n. d. 
n. d. 
} 
16.26 
"Quoted by Smith. Mineral Industry, vol. 1, p. 50. 
Bull. 243—05 23 
