FOREIGN OCCURRENCES. 65 
Ramsay " has described corundum from the Kola Peninsuhi, 
Archangel Province, Russia. A mass of nepheline-syenite occurs iu 
Umptek, with border facies comparatively free fi-om nepheline 
(umptekite). On the east side this rock is bordered by sillimanite- 
L,^neiss, between the layers of which the syenite is intruded in sheets 
of variable thickness down to microscopic dimensions; but in all 
(!ases the boundaries of the two rocks are clearly defined. The gneiss 
[contains, besides sillimanite, zoisite, garnet, spinel, corundum, and 
taagnetite. The last three occur in elongated masses in quartz- 
feldspar aggregates. 
CORUNDUM IN FOREIGN METAMORPHIC ROCKS. 
CORUNDUM-SCHISTS AND POKPIlYKOn)S. 
Salomon ^ found corundum in the phyllites metamorphosed by 
luartz-mica-diorite and tonalite in the vicinity of Mount Adamello, 
n the Alps of Lombardy, Italy. The phyllites have been converted 
nto hornstone containing cordierite, andalusite, sillimanite, tourma- 
ine, spinel, zircon, corundum, and other minerals. Some layers of 
:he rock are rich in corundum. 
Molengraaf,'' in an account of the geology of the gold fields about 
Pretoria, in South Africa, describes the oldest rocks as granites, 
lericite-schists, actinolite-schists, and amphibolites. Above these lie 
[uartzites, clay slates, corundum-schists, and porphyroids, and chias- 
olite-schists, cut by diabase dikes. The corundum-porphyroid re- 
lembles feldspar-porphyry, consisting of large crystals of biotite 
md large corundum individuals in a groundmass of quartz and 
;hlorite. 
CORUNDU:VE IN (JRAPIIITE. 
AVichmann '' describes corundum from the graphite of Miihldorf, 
lear Spitz, in lower Austria. Scales of graphite are found with 
!orundum in the peridotites at the Bad Creek mine. Sapphire, eTack- 
ion County, N. C, and are often associated with the corundum of 
he mica-schists of the State; and surface specimens of corundum 
mind in a region of garnetiferous mica-schists 8 miles northwest of 
jraffney, S. C, sometimes have scales of mica and graphite attached 
o them; but the Austrian occurrence seems to be the only instance 
hus far observed where the corundum is embedded in graphite. 
"Fennia, Helsingsfors, vol. 11, 1894, pp. 2, 77, 197. 
'' Zeitschr. Deutsch. geol. Gesell., Berlin, vol. 42, 1890, p. 450; Tschermaks Mineral, 
littheil., vol. 12, 1892. 
'^ Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineral., vol. 9, 1894-95, pp. 174-291 ; Am. Naturalist, 1895, pp. 
70-471 (Abst.). 
«*Verhandl. K.-k. geol. Reichsanstalt, Wien, 1884, p. 150. 
Bull. 269— 06 M 5 
