LAND FOBM. 19 
I area about 70 miles is marked by an embayment 30 miles long. This 
[begins at Stockbridge and ends at North Adams, and is divided 10 
(miles south of North Adams by a westwardly projecting spur. The 
range has short but deep incisions in Manchester and Sunderland, 
land also two prominent northeasterly valleys — the valley of the 
Walloomsac, near Bennington, and that of the North Branch of the 
IHoosic, near North Adams. The slightly undulating surface of the 
[range is above 2,000 feet, with broad areas above 2,500 and but short 
[narrow ridges or isolated summits above 3,000. Its steep western 
Iflank lies entirely between the 800-foot and 2,000-foot levels. Begin- 
ning near latitude 43° 45', this range reappears west of longitude 
73° for a length of nearly 20 miles. Its base here descends to the 600- 
foot level and its frontal part attains an elevation of 2,659 feet in 
Mount Moosalamoo. It has three transverse incisions. 
Taconic Range. — A few miles west of the Green Mountain Range 
a series of long crests and irregularly ramifying masses rises above 
the 1,500-foot level.. At 2,000 feet they become still narrower and 
more irregular, with a few summits above 2,500 feet. These masses 
constitute the Taconic Range. This range has a somewhat serpentine 
course; in Great Barrington and Stockbridge it is north-northwest; 
thence to Dorset it is pretty uniformly north-northeast ; from Dorset 
to the Castleton cut it is about north, and beyond that point its course 
is again north-northwest; west of Pittsfield it sends off a north- 
easterly spur, which, turning northward, ends 5 miles south of Wil- 
liamstown. The Greylock mass appears to belong properly to a 
series of hills — Mount Osceola, West Stockbridge Mountain, and 
Tom Ball — which lies east of aUd parallel to the main range. In the 
northern part of Bennington County the range is about 10 miles 
wide; west of Adams the distance across the range and its spur is 12 
miles, while at the north it dwindles to 4 or 5 miles, and finally tapers 
out altogether near the Addison County line. A marked feature of 
this range is that the transverse hollows on its western side are 
usually longer than those on its eastern. 
Transverse valleys. — There are five main transverse valleys: (1) 
The valley of the Hoosic, extending down to the 800-foot level, with 
a northwest-southeast course, diagonal to the general trend of the 
Taconic Range, but with a parallel crest west of it ; a little south of 
the Vermont-Massachusetts line this valley turns and runs eastward 
for 4 miles, separating the Greylock mass from the out jutting por- 
tion of the Green Mountain Range north of it, (2) The valley of 
the Mettawee, in Pawlet, Rupert, and Dorset, running northwest- 
southeast like the Hoosic, but reaching the 800-foot level for only 
half of its course. (3) The wide valley of the Walloomsac in Ben- 
nington and Hoosick. (4) That of the Batten Kill in Arlington. 
