VERMONT. 99 
eastern side of the ridge for a mile and more south consists of folded schists inter- 
bedded with quartzite, possibly belonging to (A). West of this is a strip three-fourths 
of a mile wide of unknown character, but from the situation of two quarries aboul 2\ 
miles south of a point a half mile west of the Mettawee sawmill, and from the direc- 
tion of the strike of the slate at these quarries, slate, probably occurs in the western 
half of this blank space of the section. The roofing-slate quarries from this latitude 
to West Pawlet lie almost all within a strip one-fourth of a mile wide along l he eastern 
side of the Ordovician grits on the western slope of the ridge. The structure at the 
quarries is difficult to make out. Bedding, where observed, dips east, as does also 
the cleavage. From the observed relations of the Cambrian and ( >rdovician wherever 
they occur very near each other in this region, the Cambrian overlies the latter 
through an overturn. An anticline should therefore occur on the Cambrian side of 
the boundary and a syncline on the Ordovician side of it, Not far from the Colum- 
bia quarry is a dike of camptonite, 5 feet 9 inches wide, running northeast to south- 
west, dipping 90° or steeply to the northwest. The slate on the east side of the dike 
strikes north and dips 70° E. and on the west side 55° E. The dike has a rough 
jointing parallel to its sides and weathers in spherical nodules. The cleavage at the 
quarries dips about 55° E. West of the quarries are greenish shales and schists with 
small quartzite beds striking N. 5° E. and dipping 45°-50° E., measuring, apparently, 
about 125 feet, but possibly less, if close folded. These probably belong in the ( Ordo- 
vician. West of these come the Hudson grits, dipping 65° E. 
SECTION VII.— W EST J' AW LET. 
This crosses the West Pawlet quarries and reaches the other Cambrian belt west of 
Indian River. The West Pawlet belt ends abruptly south of the village, with Hudson 
grits south, east, and west. 
Some of the quarries are over 175 feet in depth. At the Hughes quarry No. 7 there 
is a syncline with an anticline east of it (see fig. C on PI. XXIII), and the foreman 
stated to the writer that another one was found later east of it. The pinching out 
of the material between the folds observed at the Mettawee gorge recurs here. At 
the Rising & Nelson quarry No. 2 the syncline is finely shown (PI. XXV and fig. 
A on PI. XXIII). We have here an isoclinal syncline with its axial plane dipping 
east with the cleavage. In such a structure the same beds of course occur on either 
side of the fold in opposite order and also at the bottom, but there in greater thick- 
ness. The structure indicated is a syncline with an anticline on either side of it, In it, 
unless faulting occurred, these must be parts of an anticline and the Hudson grits, 
which crop out in the village and at the foot of the dumps, should he part of a syn- 
cline. The strike of the slates ranges from N. 12° to N. 25° E., and that of the cleav- 
age N. 5° W. to N. 5° E., dip 70°, but in places 40° to 50° E. The thickness exposed, 
measured across two synclines and one anticline, is about 100 feet. There are some 
dark-gray or "black" beds on theeast side of the syncline which, according to this 
construction, would belong not on top, but within the rooting slates (B). The Hud- 
son grits west of the Cambrian slates strike N. 10° to 20° E. and dip 55° to 60° E., 
but at the West Pawlet railroad depot this changes to N. 5° W. and the dip to 80° E. 
In the Indian River Valley neither the few red slate quarries nor the scattering 
outcrops afford very satisfactory data. The folds are probably numerous and oxer- 
turned so as to give only easterly dips. Mr. Walcott has indicated a graptolite 
locality on the west side of the valley. 
The Cambrian ridge at the west has a few old purple slate quarries. Some Cam- 
brian fossils occur in the limestone. Along the eastern side of the ridge the 
Cambrian shales (D) occur. Aboutahalf mileeastof South Granville, near the Ordo- 
vician boundary, west of this Cambrian belt, the purple slates dip 40° \Y., with a 
cleavage dipping 30° E. and striking N. 15° E., the bedding forming gre< n bands on 
the cleavage surfaces. The second Cambrian ridge is clearly anticlinal i?i structure. 
