8 SPIRIT LEVELING IN NEW YORK, 1896 TO 1905. 
The third form (used in 1896 and 1897) was a copper bolt 4 inches long and 1 inch iE 
diameter fastened into masonry or solid rock by driving it on a brass wedge placed in the 
bottom of a vertical hole, so that the top of the bolt was horizontal and thus formed the 
bench mark. 
The numbers stamped upon the bench marks as described in the following lists represent 
the elevations to the nearest foot above mean sea level, as determined by unadjusted 
levels in the field. In some cases the finally accepted elevations as printed herein differ 
from those submitted as bench-mark numbers by several feet, resulting from the adjust- 
ments necessary to close circuits and to those resulting from reduction to mean sea level 
through readjustment of the precise-level net of the United States. This method of num- 
bering bench marks has been adopted where many levelers are working in the same area 
at the same time, as less liable to lead to confusion in identification of bench marks than 
any attempt at serial numbering, and because the bench-mark number at the same time 
gives an approximate statement of elevation. It is assumed that engineers and others 
finding these bench marks so stamped in the field will communicate with the Director of 
the United States Geological Survey or the State engineer of New York in order to obtain 
the accepted elevation to hundredths or thousandths of a foot. 
Any person finding bench marks in the following lists mutilated or destroyed will confer 
a favor by notifying the Director, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. 
PRECISE LEVELING. 
FRANKLIN COUNTY. 
DICKINSON, HOGANSBURti, KILDARE, LONG LAKE, MEACHAM LAKE, AND ST. REGIS 
QUADRANGLES. 
The elevations published in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling 
run north from Tupper Lake to a connection with a primary bench mark of the Dec}) Water- 
ways Commission at Fort Covington, Franklin County, a 2-inch square cut on east abut- 
ment of the Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River 1 foot from the south and 
east edges. The elevation of this is accepted as 166.452 feet above mean sea level, as 
derived by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey adjustment in 1903 of the precise 
level net. The elevations are corrected in agreement with this, but no error has been dis- 
tributed in this line. 
The double-simultaneous methpd was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level. The 
leveling was executed by Mr. C. if. Semper, levelman in charge. All standard bench marks 
are referred to the Albany datum and are stamped with the letters "ALBANY" in addition 
to the figures of elevation and year. 
TUPPER LAKE JUNCTION, YIA MOIRA AND BOMBAY, TO FORT 
COVINGTON. 
LONG LAKE QUADRANGLE. 
Feet. 
Tupper Lake Junction, New York Central Railroad, Adirondack division, in foundation to 
water tank; aluminum tablet stamped " 1555 ALBANY " 1,556. 03J 
KILDARE QUADRANGLE. 
Kildare, 350 feet north of station, in large bowlder 8 feet east of rail; bronze tablet stamped 
" 1528 ALBANY 1900" 1,527. 874 
ST. REGIS QUADRANGLE. 
Blue Pond, in front of station; top of rail 1,552. 7 
Blue Pond, 5 miles north of, 1,300 feet north of mile post " T. 18 & 0. 110," in large bowlder 10 
feet west of track; bronze tablet stamped " 1551 ALBANY 1900" 1,551.259 
Brandon, in front of station; top of rail 1,603.4 
Brandon, 1 mile north of, 0.4 mile north of milepost "T. 23 & O. 105," in large bowlder 10 
feet west of track; bronze tablet stamped "1595 ALBANY 1900" 1,594.129 
