LODE MINING IN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA. 33 
sected, 1,000 feet below the surface croppings, has been explored by 6 10 feet of drifting, and 
the lode has been shown to have an elliptical cross section, 80 feet in width and 160 feel in 
length. As there are no definite walls to the ore body its limits air determined by the costs 
of extraction and a decrease of these costs will increase the limits of profitable mining, and 
hence the dimensions of the workable deposits. Although the Kensington lode is probably 
continuous from the lower openings to the surface no definite statements can he made 
regarding its uniformity and value between these points. 
The Eureka lode, which has some features in common with the Kensington, has been pros- 
pected at the outcrop and has also been crosscut by the Kensington tunnel at a depth of 400 
feet and 1 ,300 feet from the mouth of the tunnel. Like the Kensington its limits are deter- 
mined by mining costs, as the walls are not well defined, but where crosscut it is about 80 
feet wide. The values from the ore are reported to be exceptionally high for this character 
of deposit. 
Other properties controlled by the Berners Bay Mining and Milling Company are the 
Ophir and Seward groups of claims. The mineral deposits on these properties are veins of 
quartz which have been prospected only and are reported not to carry high gold values. 
The Johnson or Northern Light mine is situated about half a mile to the east of the Ken- 
sington mine, at 2,600 feet above tide, and is the principal holding of the Nowell Mining and 
Milling Company. Developments on this property are limited to surface prospecting along 
a gulch from about 2,000 feet to the crest of the hill at 3,300 feet above tide. Owing to the 
accumulations of slide rock in this gulch it is difficult to determine the true extent of the ore 
body. Mineralization appears to follow the contact of the diorite and greenstone, along 
which a fracturing and in places faulting has occurred. Quartz is more abundant in this lode 
than in the Kensington, but the ore body is less regular and will require more development 
to determine its extent and value. An extension of the Kensington tunnel has been pro- 
posed to mine this ore body. 
The Portland Alaska Gold Mining Company operated the property known as the Horrible 
mine from 1897 to 1898 and again in 1901. The mine workings are located at an altitude of 
2,200 feet on the. north slope of Sherman Creek and are connected, by an aerial tramway 2 
miles in length, with a 10-stamp mill on the shore of Lynn Canal. The ore body consists of a 
quartz vein in the diorite country rock. It has been opened by a main drift for a length of 
400 feet and averages 5 feet in width. Nearly 1,000 feet of tunneling and drifting have been 
accomplished and considerable ore stoped out. A total of 500 tons of ore is reported fco have 
been mined, yielding about $1,500 in gold. 
The Ivanhoe mine was purchased in 1897 by the Mellen Mining Company and operated 
by it at intervals up to 1903. Four quartz veins have been explored, though the main work- 
ings are confined to one of the upper veins outcropping at 2,400 feet elevation. A crosscut 
tunnel penetrates the foot wall of basic diorite for 185 feet, and from this point a drift follows 
the ore body in a southerly direction for 850 feet, over which length the quartz vein averages 
5 feet in width. From this tunnel a 3,000-foot cable tram connects with a gravity t ramw ay 
2,700 feet long, which leads to the mill on the north side of Sherman Creek, 1 { miles from 
the wharf at Comet. The mill is equipped with 20 stamps and 8 Frue concentrators. A 
total of 3,000 tons of ore is said to have been mined and milled from this ledge, which gave 
a yield of about $7,000. 
The Jualin mine, now owned by the Jualin Mines Company, is situated at an altitude of 
730 feet on Johnson Creek, 4 miles from the tide flats of Berners Bay. During the years 
1896 to 1900 this property was worked continuously, and again in 1903, but operations 
were closed at the end of that year and not resumed until May, 1905, since which time 40 
men have been employed. 
The mineral deposits consist of three distinct and unlike ore bodies inclosed in the diorite 
country rock about 1,200 feet from its contact with the slates and greenstones to the west. 
Of these the foot-wall vein carries the highest values and is the one which is being mined 
at present. It is a well-defined quartz vein which on the main working level, 170 feet below 
