10 
GAZETTEER OF COLORADO. 
Statistics of manufactures. 
[ndustry, 
Num- 
ber. 
Value of 
product. 
60 
$4,528,062 
278 
3,561,754 
77 
3,986,915 
60 
3,141,602 
159 
1,627,605 
Flouring and grist mills - . 
Printing and publishing plants f. 
Foundries and machine shops 
Car and general const met ion shops 
Sawmills 
MINING. 
In its mines Colorado finds its chief source of wealth. In 1902 the output of these 
mines had a value of $40,603,286, being exceeded only by Pennsylvania, Ohio, 
Michigan, and West Virginia, of all the Western States and Territories Colorado is 
easily first in production. It produced the largest amount of gold and silver; was 
third in the production of load, being exceeded by Idaho and Utah; was fourth in 
the production of zinc, and sixth in the production of copper; in the product ion of 
coal it was exceeded by seven States, and in petroleum by eleven. The following 
table shows the quantity and value of its principal products in 1904: 
Mint ml production in 1904. 
Product. 
Quantity. 
Value. 
Product. 
Quantity. 
Value. 
Gold... 
Silver .. 
Copper. 
Lead . . 
tine ounces. . 
(I...... 
pounds.. 
short ton-. . 
1, L83.518 
L3, 947, 635 
9,506,944 
51,884 
$24, 163,322 
7,985,028 
1. L88/368 
a 1. llii.lin 
t'oal short tons. . 
Zinc do.... 
Iron ore long Ions. . 
Pel roleum barrels.. 
6,658,355 
1,871 
150,972 
501,863 
$8,751,821 
"1ST, 100 
129, 89 
578, 09 
a Estimated. 
TRANSPORTATION. 
In 1904 Colorado contained 4,976 miles of railway, which is 2.33 per cent of the 
entire mileage of the United States. 
EXPLORATION AM) M SPRING. 
The exploration of Colorado began in 1807, when Capt. Zebulon M. Pike, of the 
United States Army, crossed the plains and followed the Arkansas River to the pres- 
ent site of Pueblo, arriving there in early winter. From this point he attempted to 
climb Pikes Peak, but abandoned it after several 'lays' struggle with deep snow, 
remarking that only a bird could reach the summit, yet there is now a cogwheel 
railroad to the top of the mountain and thousands of people visit it every summer. 
The next few months were devoted to an attempt to explore the hills north of the 
Canyon of the Arkansas bordering South Park on the south, in which work he and 
his men suffered extremely from cold. Toward spring they crossed Sangre de Cristo 
Range into San Luis Valley, where, being in Mexican territory, they w ere captured 
by a detachment of Mexican troops and taken to Santa Fe. After a period of deten- 
tion they were released and returned to the United States. 
During the following years many expeditions, under Fremont, Long, and others, 
traversed the plains in various directions. In 1840 45 Fremont explored the 
mountain regions, and in 1853 Captain Gunnison, commanding one of the Pacific 
Railroad expeditions, traversed the State from east to west by way of the Arkansas 
San Luis, Gunnison, and Grand River valleys. Several other army expeditions 
