BROWN MINE. 99 
If the pitch of the other ore shoots likewise persists, they should all be within easy striking 
distance of the shaft at that depth. The plan therefore is to explore this northeastern ore 
shoot to the 300-foot level and, if it proves satisfactory, to tap the other shoots, in the hope 
that they are similar to the first. The policy here adopted of exploring by following the ore, 
rather than by sinking and crosscut ting in the hope of striking it, is to be heartily recom- 
mended in this region of irregular and nonpersistent deposits. The foresight with which the 
shaft has been located and future work planned is a gratifying exception to the way in which 
most of the gold-mining enterprises of the South have been started. 
The structural and other outward features of this deposit strongly resemble those at many 
of the mines in the greenstone schists of central Ontario, where quartz veins carry auriferous 
pyrite. 
Some specimens of vein quartz from a deposit about one-half mile to the southeast of the 
Ferguson shaft — probably what is known as the Ophir mine — contained free gold not 
derived from the decomposition of pyrite, although some pyrite was present. Some of this 
ore is said to be very rich. Two hundred tons have been hauled to the Ferguson mill. About 
300 tons shipped to the smelter at Norfolk, Va., are said to have given returns of $25 per ton. 
BROWN MINE. 
This mine, situated in York County, S. C, about 4 miles south of Hickory Grove station on 
the Southern Railway, is owned by Mr. W. E. C. Eustis, of Boston. It was once worked by 
Mr. Fred Frank, now part owner of the Ferguson mine, who took out some good ore and 
made some money out of it. The production is not known — probably a few thousand. 
Three shafts and their workings and a crosscut tunnel, aggregating something like 1,500 feet 
of exploration work, comprised the development before the present owner took control. 
Since then an 80-foot inclined shaft has been sunk. Work was abandoned in 1905, after a 
small amount of ore had been taken out. 
The country rock was probably an amphibolite, but the only obtainable specimens which 
had not been affected by weathering were so near the vein that they had suffered marked 
alteration by the vein solutions. The rock thus produced is dark gray, somewhat foliated, 
and resembles many granitic gneisses. It is composed of abundant feldspar, mostly micro- 
cline and albite ; plentiful small flakes of biotite of the contact-met amorphic variety ; numer- 
ous grains of epidote and almost as much zoisite, in short, stout crystals; and occasional 
grains of titanite. Lenticular aggregates of quartz, numerous grains of pyrite, and sparing 
pyrrhotite have probably been deposited by the vein solutions. 
The vein, which strikes approximately N. 45° E. and dips about 70° NW.,is parallel to the 
foliation of the amphibolite country rock. Its dip is not constant, flattening somewhat at 
about 30 feet, then steepening again at a depth of 70 to 75 feet. 
With the exception of disintegration, resulting from decomposition of the vein and the sur- 
rounding rock, the vein is w T ell defined near the surface, being a solid mass of pyritiferous 
quartz about 3 feet wide. In one place, however, near the old Frank incline, a lateral offset 
or jog of about 12 feet occurs, both at the outcrop and underground. The description of this 
occurrence underground is interesting as throwing light on the structure of these interfoli- 
ated veins in schist. On the surface the vein is continuous but crooked (see A, fig. 12), while 
underground at the 80-foot level the vein breaks up, probably somewhat as shown in B, 
fig. 12. These sketches are based on description of the behavior of the vein, supplemented by 
what was visible on the surface at the time the mine was visited and on assumptions drawn 
from occurrences at other portions of the vein. The influence of jointing has certainly been 
marked. A and B, fig. 13, represent what might possibly be the case at depths of 200 and 
300 feet, respectively. This series, hypothetical with the exception of A, fig. 12, is intended 
to represent the variations in structure which may take place in a vein in a comparatively 
short distance. It also shows how such apparently disconnected lenses as occur in the 
Schlegelmilch mine (fig. 14) are in reality all connected, and it emphasizes the advisability of 
following stringers or offshoots if the main vein gives signs of pinching out. 
