252 EECORD OF DEEP- WELL DRILLING FOR 1905. 
Pottsville: Feet. < 
Soft sandstone, salt sand '. 160-200 
Logan : 
Black shale 200-230 
Sandstone, Big Injun 230-344 
Cuyahoga and Sunbury: 
Black shale. 344-430 
Shale with alternate layers of sandstone; formation is nearly all shale 430-735 
Berea: 
Sandstone, Berea grit 753-795 
Rig used, cable. Casing used, 8-inch to 430 feet; 6|-inch from 430 to 790 feet. A smell 
of oil and a little show of gas at 775 feet. A large amount of salt water at 790 feet. 
1297. Well at Creston, Wayne County. 
[Well begun in April. 190"); completed in Juno. 1905. Authority, R. Lambie, contractor and driller. 
Samples preserved. Geologic correlations by S. Sanford.] 
This log is fairly typical of some shallow wells in Wayne County developing the oil and 
gas found in the Berea grit, a sandstone of remarkably constant character that underlies 
about 15.000 square miles of the State. It occurs in the Mississippian series of the Carbon- 
iferous below the Big Injun formation. It is underlain by the Bedford red shale (Devo- 
nian) and overlain by the Sunbury ami Cuyahoga shales. The record shows that the 
Berea at this well is very thin. 
Record of well No. 1 on Martin Cole farm, one-half mile north of Creston. 
Drift: Feet. 
Dark sandy loam 0- 1 
Soft reddish clay with sand and gravel 1- 20 : 
Soft gray sand; water-bearing 20- 30 Kl 
Very soft gray limy clay. 30-100 u 
Soft gray sand; water-bearing 100-163 '| 
Soft gray limy clay - 163-179 I 
Soft dark clay, sand, and gravel 179-246 f| 
Cuyahoga an 1 Sunbury: 
Soft light and dark graj shale: contains a little, water 246-440 
Berea: 
Coarse light-gray sandstone; gas-bearing, pressure 20 pounds per square inch; 
Berea grit 440-441 j 
Soft dark-gray shale 441-443 
Bedford: 
Soft red shale 443-493 
Soft gray and reddish shale 493-512 j 
Rig used, cable. Diameter of well, 8 and inches. Length of casing (4|-inch), 280 feet j 
of (hive pipe, 256 feet. 
OKLAHOMA. 
1318. Well near Cleveland, Pawnee County. 
[Well begun and completed in 1905. Authority, J. L. Apple, of Apple, Elyea & Co., owners. No sanr 
pies.] 
This record shows formations underlying the pay horizon of the Cleveland oil pool fo 
nearly 900 feet. The rocks are of Pennsylvanian age. The rocks outcropping for 25 mile 
west and east and 40 miles north have been grouped together as the Hominy formatiot 
(Pennsylvanian), including the Pottawatomie, Douglas, Shawnee, Wabaunsee, Cottonwood 
and Neosho formations of the Kansas geologists, and have a thickness of over 1,500 feel 
The depth to Mississippian rocks at Cleveland is unknown, but may be 10,000 feet. 
The geology of Oklahoma is discussed in Water-Supply and Irrigation Paper No. 14£ 
"Geology and water resources of Oklahoma," by C. N. Gould. 
