82 SOUTHWESTERN NEVADA AND EASTERN CALIFORNIA. 
and fill cavities and cracks in the quartz. Some calcite and gypsum, 
accompanied by sulphur, are secondary gangue minerals. Sulphur in 
places forms masses 3 inches in diameter. Assays did not detect the 
presence of gold at the surface, although gold values are encountered 
50 feet below the surface in one tunnel. One small aplite dike was 
noted near a quartz vein, and masses of quartz rhyolite are not far 
distant, although their proximity has not apparently determined aij 
unusual abundance of quartz veins. The prospects are yet well 
above water level. 
In Southern Klondike fissures and brecciated zones were opened 
in the Cambrian sediments along bedding planes. Water filled the^e 
cavities with silica and lead, copper, and iron sulphides carrying silver 
and less gold. The quartz veins have since been fractured and faulted, 
and surface waters have developed a number of secondary minerals. 
In this district the presence of quartz veins at the contact of rhyolite 
and limestone shows the gold veins to be of late Tertiary age, but the 
more important silver veins are presumably of post-Jurassic and 
pre-Tertiarv age. 
Water is obtained at the Klondike Well, 4 miles distant. The 
Southern Klondike hills are bare of timber. When the district was 
visited Tonopah was the supply and shipping point. 
The earlier rhyolite northwest of the Tonopah-Goldfield road near 
the boundary of the area mapped has locally been silicified and kaolin- i 
ized by mineralizing waters, and in it some quartz veins occur. The ! 
reported values are in gold with less silver. The Kankakee Mining ' 
Company has a 100-foot shaft, which passes through rhyolite, tuffs, 
and breccia. Dense quartz fills the interstices of breccia and also 
occurs in veins. The ore is i'vv^ milling and is said to run about $30 
in gold and silver per ton, although assay returns have reached $317. 
Spurr" says, concerning these veins: "Through these rhyolites run I 
strong and persistent veins of quartz and delicately colored chalcedony j 
veins, sometimes containing pyrite. In some parts of some of these I 
veins, especially in the oxidized portions, rich assays have been ob- 
tained." In his report on Tonopah Spurr correlates these veins with f 
those of the Tonopah rhyolite-dacite. 6 
IRON ORES. 
: 
A several places northwest of Southern Klondike lenses of porous 
hematite occur in limestone. These masses occupy joints in the lime 
stone and are from 5 to 10 feet wide and from 50 to 100 feet long, 
The hematite appears to be partially a replacement of limestone and 
partially a cavity filling. Cubes of pyrite are present in the neigh 
boring limestone. These masses of iron ore are probably gossan and in 
with depth will pass into pyrite veins. 
"Spurr, J. E., Bull. T\ s. Geol. Survey No. 213, 1903, i». 87. 
6 Spurr, J. E., Prof Paper U. S. Geol. Survey No. 42, 1905, p. !•!>. 
