INTRODUCTION. 13 
doubtfully to the Lower Silurian. Both the ores and the andesite 
(called granite) he regarded as metamorphosed sediments. 
The Iron Springs deposits figure in the Tenth Census report (1886), a 
where they were mapped and described by Putnam from an economic 
standpoint. He referred to them as "probably the largest mass of 
iron ore in the whole West." 
The district lies close to the southeastern shore of Lake Bonneville, 
and accordingly it appears on the maps accompanying Gilbert's 
Bonneville report (1890). b 
The physiographic record of the region to the east and south of the 
Iron Springs district was the subject of careful study in 1904 by 
Huntington and Goldthwait c under the direction of W. M. Davis. 
The senior author d of the present report has published two short 
statements of the results of his examination of the district (1903 and 
1906). 
A general economic account of the district with special reference to 
the chemistry of the ores was made by Fred Lerch (1904). e 
A considerable amount of exploration of the district has been done 
in recent years for commercial interests, the results of which have not 
been published, but which are incorporated in the present report. 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
The authors are indebted to Mr. Fred Lerch, of Biwabik, Minn., to 
the late Col. S. B. Milner, and to Mr. Archibald Milner, of Salt Lake 
City, Utah, for many chemical analyses, blueprints of claims, and 
much general information concerning the district, and to Mr. R. N. 
Dickman, of Chicago, for chemical analyses. With a single exception, 
calls for information from the property holders were met fully and 
promptly. The authors record here their appreciation of the many 
courtesies afforded them by the people of Cedar City and adjacent 
territory, which contributed not a little to the comfort and effective- 
ness of the field work. 
a Putnam, B. T., Notes on the samples of iron ore collected west of the one hundredth meridian: Tenth 
Census U. S., vol. 15, Mining Industries, 1886, pp. 469-505. 
b Gilbert, G. K., Lake Bonneville: Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 1, 1890, pp. 438. 
c Huntington, Ellsworth, and Goldthwait, J. W., The Hurricane fault in the Toquerville district, 
Utah: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Coll., No. 42 (Geol. ser., vol. 6), 1904, pp. 199-259. 
dLeith, C. K., Iron ores in southern Utah: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 225, 1904, pp. 229-237; Iron 
ores of the western United States and British Columbia: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 285, 1906, pp. 194- 
200. 
« Lerch, Fred, The iron-ore deposits in southern Utah: Iron Trade Review, May 19, 1904, pp. 49-50. 
