18 THE PURCHASE OF COAL UNDER SPECIFICATIONS. 
derstood that the total of such coal so purchased shall not exceed 5 per cent of 
the total consumption during the term of this contract. 
IV. It is understood that the company may deliver coal hereunder containing 
as high as 3 per cent more ash and as high as 3 per cent more moisture and as 
low as 500 fewer British thermal units per pound dry than specified above for 
contract grades. 
V. Should any coal delivered hereunder contain more than the per cent of 
ash or moisture or fewer than the number of British thermal units per pound 
dry allowed under Paragraph IV hereof, the consumer may, at its option, 
either accept or reject same. 
VI. All coal accepted hereunder shall be paid for monthly at a price per 
ton determined by taking the average of the delivered values obtained from the 
analyses of all the samples taken during that month, said delivered value 
in each case being obtained as follows : Multiply the number of British ther- 
mal units delivered per pound of dry coal by the per cent of moisture delivered 
(expressed in decimals), subtract the product so found from the number of 
British thermal units delivered per pound of dry coal, multiply the remainder 
by 2,000, divide this product by the contract guaranty, and from this quotient 
(expressed as dollars and cents) subtract one-half of the ash percentage de- 
livered (expressed as cents). 
In Cleveland, Ohio, coal is purchased for the waterworks on the 
basis of its heating value. The standard agreed upon is 13,624 Brit- 
ish thermal units and was established as the result of analysis and 
tests made on a sample furnished by the dealer. 
The following are the essential features of the specifications used 
by the Interborough Rapid Transit Company of New York in pur- 
chasing about 30,000 tons of coal each month for use in its plants, 
which are among the largest in the United States : 
Preliminary Specifications for Bituminous Coal for the Interborough 
Rapid Transit Company. 
Coal must be a good steam, caking, run-of-mine, bituminous coal free from 
all dirt and excessive dust, a dry sample of which will approximate the com- 
pany's standard in heat value and analysis, as follows : Carbon, 71 ; volatile 
matter, 20 ; ash, 9 ; British thermal units, 14,100 ; sulphur, 1.50. 
A small quantity of coal will be taken from each weighing hopper just before 
the hopper is dumped while the lighter is being unloaded. These quantities 
will be thrown into a receptacle provided for the purpose, and when the lighter 
is empty the contents of the receptacle will be thoroughly mixed, and a sam- 
ple of this mixture will be taken for chemical analysis. This average sample 
of coal will be labeled and held for one week after the unloading of the lighter. 
The sample taken from the mixture for test will be analyzed as soon as possi- 
ble after being taken. No other sample will be recognized. 
Tests of sample taken from average sample will be made by the company's 
chemist under the supervision of the superintendent. Should the contractor 
question the results of the company's test (a copy of which will be mailed to 
him), the company will, if requested by the contractor within three days after 
copy of test has been mailed to him, forward sufficient quantity of the average 
sample taken from each weighing hopper to any laboratory in the city of New 
York which may be agreed upon by the superintendent and the contractor, and 
have said sample analyzed by it, and the results obtained from this second test 
will be considered as final and conclusive. In case the disputed values, as ob- 
