50 THE CLAYS OF ARKANSAS. 
Bradley County. One of these exposures of lignite was visited at 
Goulets Island, on Saline River, in sec. 24, T. 17 S., R. 10 W. The 
following section is exposed on the left bank of the stream at that 
place: 
Section at Goulets Island, Salirie River. 
Feet. 
Sand and clay 6 
(lean sand 10 
Pebbles and sand 10 
Lignite 2 
Blue-gray sand and clay 2 
The only clay in this section underlies the lignite, and is too far 
below the surface and contains too much sand to be of any practical 
value. The lignite is too thin to be worked and has no value 
Several years ago the statement was published that il Thirty-six 
varieties of commercial clays and shales * * * have been found 
* * * within a radius of 3 miles from the town [of Warren], of 
which twenty consist of material used in the manufacture of vitrified 
pipe and paving brick, and the remainder * * * material used 
in the manufacture of terra cotta, drain tile, earthenware, and 
pressed brick." a Such a statement must be accepted with allow- 
ances. As pointed out elsewhere in this report, whether a clay is 
available for a given purpose can generally be determined only by 
practical tests. It should not be forgotten also that a clay, in order 
to be commercially useful, must be abundant, accessible, and cheap. 
In spite of the fact that the clays of Bradley County have not been 
tested as they deserve to be, the geology of the county leads to the 
reasonable belief that it contains large bodies of valuable clays. Only 
one establishment in Bradley County is engaged in the manufacture 
of clay products. This is a plant for making common soft-mud brick, 
located at Warren, and operated by Moore & Gannway. 
CALHOUN COUNTY. 
GENERAL GEOLOGY. 
The geology of Calhoun County can best be understood by a study 
of the bluffs exposed along the right bank of Ouachita River in Union 
and Ouachita counties. These bluffs are made up of a series of clays, 
sands, and lignites which rise to a height of 200 or more feet above 
the ordinary stage of the water in the river. These soft beds now 
end abruptly at the river or at the margin of its immediate valley, 
but originally they extended across what is now the flood plain of 
the Ouachita and covered Calhoun County, as they still do, though 
in a modified way. 
°De Malher, M. L., Arkansas Gazette, January 20, 1884, p. 5. 
