54 THE CLAYS OF ARKANSAS. 
Clays available for ordinary pottery occur here and there in the 
wei slashes along the larger streams and along Ouachita River, but 
these deposits are limited in quantity and, as compared with the 
stratified Tertiary clays, are of inferior quality. It does not appear 
that the pottery clays of Calhoun County have ever been utilized, 
even for local purposes, and transportation facilities will need to be 
improved before the excellent clays of this county can be turned 
to much account. 
CLAY COUNTY. 
The only clays of economic importance found in Clay County are 
common brick clays. The most abundant brick clay is the loess, 
which occurs on the top and sides of Crowleys Ridge throughout the 
county. Along a narrow belt of country at the foot of Crowleys 
Ridge, on both sides, the loess has been reworked by the streams and 
forms a second bottom. The reworked product is very similar in 
appearance and composition to some phases of the loess. It usually 
has a more yellowish color, due to the presence of iron oxide obtained 
from the highly ferruginous sand underlying the loess on the ridge. 
Where the yellow second-bottom clay is constantly covered with 
water the iron oxide is largely leached out and the clay becomes a 
white glady soil. 
The second-bottom land is much narrower on the west of the ridge 
than on the east. Patches of country between Cache and Black 
rivers are covered with white to gray buckshot clay. It is doubtless 
of the same age as the white glady land on the east side of the ridge. 
At various places in the county between the west edge of Crowleys 
Ridge and Current River the surface is covered with alluvial sand, 
which overlies the hardpan or buckshot clay where the latter has not 
been removed by the present streams. 
The reworked loess at Pratt is being made into common building 
bricks by the Pratt Brick Company. This is the only plant in the 
county engaged in the manufacture of clay products. 
CLEVELAND COUNTY. 
GENERAL GEOLOGY. 
The geology of the extreme northwestern part of Cleveland County 
is similar to that of Saline and Hot Spring counties; that of the cen- 
tral part is like that of Union and Calhoun counties, where there are 
so many good clays; while that of the southeastern portion is like 
that of Drew and Ashley counties. It is probable that there are 
many clay deposits in Cleveland County available for pottery, fire 
bricks, sewer pipe, etc. 
