COLUMBIA COUNTY, 57 
but as a rule these beds are too sandy to make good pottery clays. 
The probabilities are, however, that the same beds at localities other 
than those examined may yield excellent clays, since they are of the 
same general character and appearance and contain the same fossil 
leaves as the pink fossiliferous clays used successfully at Perla 
switch, in Hot Spring County. 
A quarter of a mile west of Mount Holly some promising-looking 
dove-colored clays are exposed at the side of the road. This clay, 
however, contains a few pebbles, and it may not prove to be of value, 
Beneath this gray clay are pinkish beds with leaf impressions. 
The following is the record of a well dug by Mr. G. O. Bailey on 
his land near Magnolia, in the N. ^ sec. 34, T. 16 S., R. 20 W.: 
Section of Bailey's well near Magnolia. 
Feet. 
Surface soil 6 
Cream-colored clay 15 
Sand and pink clay mixed 3 
Brown potter's clay 5 
The second bed in this section contains a good many impressions 
of plants. The clay has not been analyzed, but its texture and 
color suggest its availability for the manufacture of good pottery. 
It contains 39.44 per cent of cream-colored sand. This sand is very 
fine, only 1 per cent of it being caught on a wire gauze having 100 
meshes to the inch and 3 per cent on one having 150 meshes to the 
inch, the remainder passing through. 
The third member of this section is of a light-pink color. It is 
very fine and clear of grit, but this pure part of the clay is so mixed 
with small pockets of rather coarse sand that in its present condition 
it is not available for fine pottery. The occurrence of this bed, how- 
ever, is interesting, and suggests that a clean bed of excellent clay 
may yet be found. There is 29.08 per cent of clean white sand in 
clay No. 3, which includes that of the sand pockets as well. A 
large part of the sand, 36 per cent, is caught on a sieve having 100 
meshes to the inch. In order to determine whether the body of it 
might not be kaolin the sand was washed from a sample of No. 3 
and the water expelled by ignition. The loss was 9 per cent. The 
percentage of water in true kaolin is 13 per cent, while ordinary clays 
have 5 and 6 per cent. This can not, therefore, be regarded as a 
sandy kaolin, although it contains a higher percentage of water than 
ordinary pottery clays. 
The brown clay in which the well ends is identical in color and tex- 
ture and general appearance with the brown clays successfully used at 
Perla switch in the manufacture of pottery and fire bricks. It con- 
tains 28.92 per cent of fine light-brown sand, the lower brown clay at 
Perla switch containing 21.9 per cent. All the sand in this brown 
