106 THE CLAYS OF ARKANSAS. 
Section of well at Sheridan. 
Feet. 
Light sandy soil with abundant novaculite pebbles; occasionally 
clayey 3 
Small, waterworn novaculite gravels, with much purplish quartzite; 
rudely cross-bedded and stratified 13 
White sand, with lenticular pockets of drab, red, or yellow clay; peb- 
bles rare toward the top 43 
Blue to black horizontally stratified clay, containing in its partings 
abundant lignite particles and mica scales. Well sections com- 
monly end in this member, which has at no point been penetrated, 
at 8 to 10 feet below the top. 
In the roads from Benton to Sheridan and from Sheridan to Pine 
Bluff, near the top of every. hill which is crossed, there are thin 
layers of a red or yellow ocherous clay which has nowhere been 
found in heavy beds. The same clays are found on the faces of the 
higher bluffs near all the streams and form a conspicuous feature of 
all the deeper washes. 
Limonitic or buckshot brick clays similar to those used at Malvern 
occur in the bottoms of all the streams, especially in those of Lost, 
Hurricane, and Darysaw creeks, and in that of Saline River. The 
distribution of these limonitic clays is well defined. They skirt the 
bases of all the hills and extend over the bottoms of all the creeks 
and deep branches, forming the roadbed in all such localities. The 
cold and wet character of the bottom lands is due to their presence, 
for water does not readily percolate through them. Throughout the j 
bottom lands they rise here and there to the surface in barren patches. I 
A map of the region including the river and creek bottoms would be 1 
a map showing the distribution of the limonitic hardpan or buckshot | 
clays. 
The pine flats or pine slashes of the higher lands are of a sandy, 
drab-colored clay, which is used locally for building chimneys. In 
one place, at Sheridan, it has been employed in the manufacture of 
rough bricks. The clay is not well suited to this use, containing too 
much sand, too little iron, and burning to a poor color. The jail 
at Sheridan is built of bricks made from this clay — the only kiln 
of brick known to have been made in the county. 
The region along Saline River, especially at the base of the bluffs, 
gives most promise of exhibiting deposits of fire and pottery clays, 
this region being the one that best exposes the deeper lying Tertiary 
clays. 
At numerous localities throughout Grant County, and notably in| 
the SW. i SW. i sec 11, T. 5 S., R. 13 W., there is a highly ferrugi 
nous sandstone at places attaining a thickness of 1 foot. This rock 
occurs commonly well up on the sides of the hills and not infrequently 
caps their summits. In other localities the gravels are conglomerated 
