108 THE CLAYS OF ARKANSAS. 
consisting of Lafayette gravel and sand and loess. In one of the 
wells at Paragould the Tertiary was encountered below 20 feet of 
yellow clay and about the same thickness of iron-stained gravel 
(Lafayette). 
On the western edge of the ridge the Tertiary sands, interstratified 
with variegated clays, occur at various places along the steep and in 
places almost vertical cliffs. 
The hard quartzose sandstone ledges which are found at the foot 
and on the sides of the ridge near the railroad, in the northwestern 
part of Craighead County, outcrop in no less than five localities in 
Greene County. One occurs on the line between Greene and Craig- 
head counties, one near Walcott, one near Crowley, one west and 
another northwest of Gainesville, and still another is reported 3 miles 
west of Paragould. At each place the sandstone is similar in appear- 
ance to the Tallahatta of central Mississippi, but its exact age is as 
yet unknown. 
Buckshot clay lands and the sandy bottom land of Cache River 
bottom occupy the country to the west of Crowleys Ridge. 
CLAY INDUSTRY. 
The only clay used in the county for other than agricultural pur- 
poses is the loess and reworked loess used in the manufacture of 
bricks at Paragould and Gainesville. A sample was taken from the 
loess at the village of Gainesville, where it is employed in the manu- 
facture of bricks. It is hardly a typical loess, but it is closely allied 
to it. 
Analysis of loess used for brichmaking at Gainesville. 
[Dried at 110°-llo° C. Brackett & Smith, analysts.] 
Silica (Si0 2 ) 81. 34 
Alumina (A1 2 3 ) 9. 71 
Ferric oxide (Fe 2 3 ) 3. 67 
Lime (CaO) 29 
Magnesia (MgO) 33 
Manganese (MnO) Trace. 
Alkalies, by difference 1. 55 
Loss on ignition 3.11 
100. 00 
Air-dried sand in air-dried specimen 35.00 
The deposits from which this sample came lie on the slope of a hill, 
the base of which is composed entirely of Tertiary partly colored 
sands. Except for the small percentage of sand in the air-dried 
specimen and the greater oxidation of the iron this soil does not differ 
materially from typical loess. 
The bricks from the plant of the Paragould Brick Company are 
made from the reworked loess. Dry-pressed and wet-mud bricks are 
