LOGAN COUNTY. 131 
available for the manufacture of paving brick, sewer pipe, and 
common earthenware, while many of them are true fire clays. With 
the exception already mentioned (pp. 128-129) no chemical analyses 
have been made of these clays. The analysis made, however, bears 
out the theory that the clays are workable, although they are not 
now utilized. 
BUCKSHOT OR PRAIRIE CLAYS. 
The clays found in the prairies are chiefly the altered edges of the 
shale outcrops. These clays have been used for the manufacture of 
building bricks, but the small iron nodules scattered through them 
cause the bricks to burn dark brown or spotted. The bricks are 
almost invariably strong and exceedingly durable, but they have 
not an attractive color. 
In the neighborhood of Paris the clays are principally prairie 
soils, disintegrated blue shales, and the shales and clays associated 
with coal beds. Probably the most extensive of the prairie clay 
deposits is that of Hegwood Prairie. In the E. \ SE. \ sec. 1, T. 7 
N., R. 26 W. ; this prairie soil is yellow, contains a considerable quan- 
tity of iron nodules, and has an average depth of 2\ feet. In the 
NW. i SE. J sec. 1, T. 7 N., R. 26 W., a well 21 feet deep passes 
through yellow prairie soil 3 feet thick, which rests immediately 
on blue argillaceous shales of the coal-bearing rocks. In the NE. \ 
sec. 11 and NW. \ sec. 12 of the same township and range the yellow 
soil is somewhat deeper, but its general characteristics are the same. 
In the SW. \ SW. \ sec. 6 and the NW. \ NW. \ sec. 7, T. 7 N., R. 25 W., 
brick earths of the same yellow color are found, having an average 
depth of 3 feet. On the road along the south base of Short Moun- 
tain and in the SW. \ sec. 3, T. 7 N., R. 26 W., the blue shales 
appear in several places in a ditch on the south side of the road. 
These shales are 4 feet thick and are completely disintegrated where 
exposed. Similar clays occur in the valley about Boone ville, in the 
upper bottoms of Sugar Creek, Petit Jean Creek, Revilee Creek, 
Shoal Creek, and other streams. None of these are utilized in Logan 
County. 
TERRACE CLAYS ALONG ARKANSAS RIVER. 
Clays similar to those found in the river terraces near Arkansas 
River at Fort Smith and at Argenta occur along the south side of 
Arkansas River in Logan County. These clays are generally sandy 
and of a reddish color, but wherever they have been tried they have 
been found available for the manufacture of fairly good building 
bricks. From Roseville a band of this red sandy clay forming a 
terrace or second bottom winds about the foothills south of the river 
bottoms. This terrace is crossed by the Roseville-Paris road just 
