134 THE CLAYS OF AEKANSAS. 
The average well section at Lonoke, as reported by J. C. England, 
is as follows, the section being that of an open well : 
Average section in wells at Lonoke. 
Feet. 
Red clay 5- 6 
White clay grading into sand 5- G 
Bluish, mucky, sticky clay. 
Quicksand, all the way from 30-45 
Tough clay. 
Wells that reach to a depth of 70 to 80 feet get into gravel. A 
specimen of this gravel was brought to the office of the Arkansas 
Survey. It is composed mainly or entirely of waterworn chert peb- 
bles, about the size of a hazelnut, and coarse quartz sand. 
The average depth of bored wells at Lonoke is 70 to 85 feet. The 
deepest well reported is at J. C. England's place and is 107 feet deep. 
CLAY INDUSTRY. 
Chaplin & England's brickyard. — In the NE. \ SW. i sec. 19, T. 2 
N., R. 8 W., bricks were once made at the yard of J. P. Chaplin and 
E. W. England from a mixture of about 18 inches of the top yellowish 
prairie soil and about the same thickness of a brown iron-stained 
earth underlying the prairie soil. The bricks are hard and showed a 
tendency to melt when raised to a high temperature in the kiln. 
Those that were burned hard have a brown color and are very much 
spotted with dark, almost black marks. In bricks burned near the 
center of the kiln the color is a dark cherry red, the spotting is not so 
prominent, and in many of the bricks the spotting is not visible at all. 
There was not much loss on account of breaking in the burning. The 
bricks were machine made. 
Harrison Brick Company. — This is the only plant now in operation 
in the town of Lonoke. It is quite likely, though it is not an assured 
fact, that this plant is the successor to the Chaplin & England plant. 
The Harrison plant was established in 1903, and is engaged in the 
manufacture of common building brick. It has an output of 25,000 
bricks a day. The bricks are made from the red surface clay, molded 
in a steam machine, dried in the open air, and burned in up-draft 
clamp kilns. When the weather is favorable the bricks will dry suffi- 
ciently in three days to stand setting in the kiln. The bricks are 
burned with wood. About eight days are required to complete the 
burning. Two kilns are in use, each having a capacity of 175,000. 
Wylie's plant. — There is also a brick plant at Cabot, on the St. 
Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway. It is operated by I. C. 
Wylie. No further particulars concerning this plant were learned. 
