158 THE CLAYS OF AKKANSAS. 
that is, between the coal and the Hartshorne sandstone — lie 3 to 5 
feet of fire clay and shale. 
Below the Hartshorne sandstone there is a thick deposit of shale. 
The relations of this bed to the Hartshorne sandstone are well shown 
in the following section of Carrion Crow Mountain just north of Atkins: 
Section of Carrion Crow Mountain. 
Ft. in. 
Hartshorne sandstone 45-180 
Shale 180-190 
Coal 18 
Shale 160-200 
This shale can be traced throughout Pope County, in which it 
everywhere underlies the Hartshorne sandstone. It lies along the 
upper flank of Carrion Crow Mountain and of Tucker Mountain. 
Where Mill Creek cuts through Ouita Ridge it is well exposed below 
the Hartshorne sandstone to a thickness of about 300 feet. 
This shale is underlain by a sandstone, and this in turn by still 
another shale. This last shale underlies the town of Russellville. 
The overlying sandstone does not seem to exist in the vicinity of 
Russellville, or if it does it is thin and unimportant. The great 
thickness of shales between the town of Russellville and Norristown 
Mountain therefore extends up to the lap of the Atoka formation. 
These shales probably have a thickness of 200 to 400 feet in the 
vicinity of Russellville. They form the lower flank of Carrion Crow 
Mountain, and the thin bed of coal there exposed is in these shales. 
They are well exposed on the Russellville-Dover road just south of 
Baker Creek and also along the west side of the same road along the 
base of Tucker Mountain. Buck Mountain, in T. 9 N., R. 19 W., is 
made of this shale, and in that mountain it has a measured thickness 
of 375 feet, Iron Ore Mountain, in T. 8 N., R. 18 W., is also made 
up principally of this shale. 
CLAY DEPOSITS. 
No analyses or tests have yet been made of the clay shales of 
Pope County. Where valuable shales are closely associated with 
workable coal beds, or even with coal beds which alone are not 
workable, it sometimes becomes economically possible to mine the 
coal and some of the shale together, with a view to utilizing the latter. 
There is no doubt that there are in Pope County enormous quantities 
of shales available for the manufacture of paving bricks, sewer pipe, 
and fire-clay goods. The occurrence of such raw materials in con- 
nection with abundant, excellent, and cheap coal and the cheap and 
convenient transportation afforded by Arkansas River afford highly 
favorable conditions for the building up of important manufacturing 
industries. 
