NEW    BKUNSW1CK,    NOVA    SCOTIA,    NEWFOUNDLAND,    ETC.      501 
formable  dikes  of  diorite,  syenite,  and  other  feldspathic  rocks.  Im- 
mediately at  the  junction  of  the  granite  with  this  series  is  a  band  of 
pure  crystalline  limestone. 
Ells,37  in  1881,  reports  on  the  geology  of  northern  New  Bruns- 
wick. The  pre- Cambrian  rocks  are  believed  to  underlie  unconform- 
ably  the  Cambro-Silurian.  The  typical  rock  is  a  grayish  feldspathic 
gneiss,  frequently  containing  hornblende.  The  rocks  referred  to  the 
pre-Cambrian  include  granites,  felsites,  gneisses,  and  schists.  Gran- 
ites, diorites,  dolerites,  and  felsites  are  found.  A  portion  of  these  are 
mingled  with  the  pre-Cambrian,  but  others,  and  especially  the  basic 
eruptives,  are  found  in  the  slates  and  other  rocks  belonging  to  the 
fossiliferous  series.  At  the  contact  of  the  granites  with  the  slates  in 
places  the  latter  become  crystalline  and  contain  crystals  of  staurolite. 
Ells,38  in  1883,  finds  crystalline  mica  schists,  quartzites,  etc., 
which  are  provisionally  referred  to  the  pre-Cambrian  system.  At 
two  places  they  underlie  conformably  the  Cambro-Silurian  series. 
Bailey,39  in  1S85,  in  a  report  on  York  and  Carleton  counties  in 
central  New  Brunswick,  finds  no  rocks  which  are  regarded  as  pre- 
Cambnan;  but  granites,  syenites,  basalts,  and  diabases  occur  which 
are  regarded  as  intrusive.  Interstratified  with  the  Lower  Carbonif- 
erous are  beds  of  volcanic  or  semi  volcanic  origin.  The  granite  is 
filled  with  embedded  fragments  of  other  rocks,  so  that  in  places  it 
has  the  appearance  of  a  conglomerate.  Beyond  question  they  conic 
from  the  schistose  and  micaceous  rocks  which  border  the  granite,  as 
is  shown  by  their  identity  in  character  with  these  rocks.  Also  the 
lines  of  contact  show  the  intrusive  character  of  the  granite. 
Bailey,40  in  188G,  in  continuing  his  work  in  central  New  Bruns- 
wick, finds  highly  crystalline  strata,  including  gneisses,  syenites,  and 
felsites,  which  are  referred  to  the  pre-Cambrian.  They  are  thought 
to  be  a  continuation  of  those  described  by  Ells.  In  this  pre-Cam- 
brian are  included  without  doubt  very  considerable  masses  of  igneous 
rocks. 
Bailey  and  McTnnes,41  in  1887,  in  continuing  work  on  central 
New  Brunswick,  find  felsites,  quartzites,  and  mica  schists,  which  are 
referred  to  the  pre-Cambrian.  Only  the  boundaries  of  the  rocks  are 
mapped,  no  attempt  being  made  to  work  out  the  structure.  These 
rocks  are  cut  by  granites,  which  are  found  in  two  areas.  These 
granites  are  the  same  in  character  as  those  which  have  been  pre- 
viously described  as  of  probable  Devonian  age. 
Bailey,4'-  in  1903,  makes  geological  observations  in  northern  New 
Brunswick,  in  the  region  about  the  headwaters  of  Tobique  and  Xipi- 
siguit  rivers.  In  previous  mapping  a  large  pari  of  the  area  was 
called  pre-Cambrian.  The  work  of  the  summer  seems  to  show  that 
the  rocks  may  be  of  later,  perhaps  Silurian,  ;ige.  No  fossils  are 
found. 
