GKEAT    NORTHERN    INTERIOR   OF  "CANADA.  531 
on  the  course  followed  until  (he  north  side  of  Shatagami  Lake  i 
reached,  with  the  reservation  that  the  gneiss  just  below  Pauls  Lake 
may  be  Laurentian.  In  this  distance  the  rocks  are  limestones,  quartz- 
ite,  diorite,  chert,  slate  conglomerate,  hornblende  schist,  pegmatite, 
syenite,  clay  slates,  and,  at  Pauls  Lake,  gneiss.  The  diorites  have  a 
widespread  occurrence,  and  an  area  of  massive  syenite  continues  for 
several  miles  in  one  locality.  It  is  often  mixed  with  crystalline  dio- 
rite. Beyond  Shatagami  Lake  are  several  alternations  of  rocks  which 
are  referred  to  the  Huronian  and  Laurentian,  before  the  fossilifer- 
ous  series  is  reached.  The  conspicuous  feature  of  the  last  Laurentian 
belts  are  large  diorite  dikes.  The  junction  of  the  Laurentian  and 
Huronian  occurs  at  Davis's  rapid,  51  miles  north  of  the  outlet  of  Lake 
Kenogamissee. 
On  the  return  trip  the  course  followed  is  by  the  west  branch  of 
Moose  Eiver,  along  toward  its  headwaters,  thence  to  Michipicoten  and 
Lake  Superior.  The  rocks  are  chiefly  granite  and  syenite,  gneiss, 
hornblende  schists  and  mica  schists,  and  greenish  schists.  These 
are  in  part  referred  to  the  Huronian  and  in  part  to  the  Laurentian, 
several  belts  of  the  Huronian  being  found.  At  one  place  the  Huro- 
nian is  spoken  of  as  passing  into  the  Laurentian.  As  a  result  of  the 
work  it  is  shown  that  an  immense  area  of  Huronian  rocks  runs  north- 
ward from  Lake  Huron  through  the  greater  part  of  the  distance 
lying  between  it  and  the  area  of  unaltered  rocks  of  the  southwest 
side  of  James  Bay. 
DeKance  and  Fielden,28  in  1878,  state  that  the  Laurentian  system 
is  the  fundamental  one  for  the  region  visited  by  Sir  George  Nares.  At 
Cape  Rawson  is  an  important  overlying  series  which  occupies  the 
coast  of  Grinnell  Land  from  Scoresby  Bay  to  Cape  Cresswell,  in  lati- 
tude 82°  40'  north.  The  rocks  are  in  a  series  of  sharp  folds  with  a 
general  west-southwest  strike,  the  beds  being  often  vertical  and  fre- 
quently cleaved.  They  consist  of  jet-black  slates,  impure  limestones 
traversed  by  veins  of  quartz  and  cherts,  and  a  vast  series  of  quartzites 
and  grits.  They  are  compared  to  the  gold-bearing  series  of  Nova 
Scotia  and  doubtfully  referred  to  the  Huronian  system. 
Hind,20  in  1878,  describes  at  Mullens  Cove,  in  the  Laurentian  series 
of  Labrador,  a  succession  of  interbedded  gneisses,  micaceous  schists, 
crystalline  limestones,  and  a  bed  of  calcareous  conglomerate.  The 
thickest  layer  of  white  crystalline  limestone  is  35  feet. 
Emerson,30  in  1879,  describes  the  rocks  of  Frobisher  Bay,  collected 
by  C.  F.  Hall,  as  consisting  of  granite,  gneiss,  magnetite  gneiss,  horn- 
blendic  gneiss,  mica  schist,  etc. 
Bell,"'1  in  1879,  reports  on  explorations  of  the  east  coasl  of  Hudson 
Bay.  In  this  region  are  large  areas  of  gneisses  which  are  referred  to 
the  Laurentian  and  belts  of  schists  referred  to  the  Huronian.  Wit  1  i 
the  Huronian  are  schist  conglomerates  and  quartzites.     At  the  contact 
