534  PRE-CAMBRIAN   GEOLOGY   OF   NORTH   AMERICA. 
quartzites  with  conglomerate  beds,  the  pebbles  being  mostly  of  white 
quartz,  interstratified  with  occasional  thin  shaly  layers.  These  strata 
may  form  a  part  of  the  Huronian  series,  but  they  also  resemble  the 
gold-bearing  rocks  of  Nova  Scotia.  On  Little  Whale  River  and  in 
Richmond  Gulf,  on  the  east  side  of  the  bay,  another  set  of  rocks  is 
found  following  the  Huronian  and  underlying  unconformably  the 
Nipigon  series.  This  intermediate  formation  consists  of  beds  of 
hard  red  siliceous  conglomerate'  and  red  and  gray  sandstones,  with 
some  red  shales,  and  appears  to  have  a  considerable  volume.  The 
Nipigon  formation  is  largely  developed  along  the  east  main  coast  of 
Hudson  Bay,  between  Cape  Jones  and  Cape  Dufferin,  and  consists 
of  compact,  nonfossiliferous,  bluish-gray  limestones,  coarse  cherty 
limestone  breccias,  quartzites,  shales,  diorites,  amygdaloids,  and  man- 
ganiferous  clay  ironstones.  The  limestones  of  Lake  Mistassini,  in 
the  interior  of  the  Labrador  Peninsula,  bear  a  strong  resemblance  to 
those  of  the  east  main  coast. 
La  Flamme,38  in  1885,  gives  geological  observations  on  the  Sague- 
nay  region.  The  pre-Cambrian  rocks  are  divided  into  two  series, 
a  gneissic  and  a  labradorite  series,  which  are  together  included  in  the 
Laurentian,  although  nothing  is  said  as  to  their  structural  relations. 
Bell,39  in  1885,  reporting  on  the  Labrador  coast,  describes  gneiss 
and  granite  at  Fords  Flarbor  and  Mission  station,  Nain,  at  Nachvak 
Inlet,  at  Skynners  Cove,  and  at  other  points.  The  granite  sometimes 
becomes  syenitic  and  the  gneiss  is  sometimes  well  laminated. 
Boas,40  in  1885,  describes  the  nucleus  of  Baffin  Land  as  everywhere 
consisting  of  gneiss  and  granite. 
Greely,41  in  1886,  finds  toward  the  head  of  Chandler  Fiord  high 
cliffs  of  schist  and  slate,  and  in  Ruggles  River,  at  the  outlet  of  Lake 
Hazen,  large  slabs  of  slate.  . 
Low,42  in  1886,  reports  on  the  Mistassini  expedition.  The  Lauren- 
tian gneisses  and  associated  rocks  occupy  the  whole  country  from  the 
Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  to  James  Bay,  along  the  route  traversed,  with 
the  exception  of  some  areas  of  Huronian  and  Cambrian  in  the  vicinity 
of  Lake  Mistassini.  The  Laurentian  rocks  include  gneiss,  hornblende 
schists,  mica  schists,  crystalline  limestones,  and  areas  of  triclinic  feld- 
spar rocks.  The  rocks  described  by  Richardson,  north  of  Lake  Abat- 
agomau,  are  similar  to  the  epidotic  and  chloritic  slates  of  the  Shick- 
shock  Mountains  and  the  Eastern  Townships  and  are  referred  to  the 
Huronian. 
Bell,39  in  1886,  gives  additional  observations  on  the  geology  of 
Hudson  Bay.  From  Eskimo  Point  to  the  entrance  of  Chesterfield 
Inlet,  a  distance  of  180  miles,  the  rock  specimens  embrace  hornblende 
schists,  greenstones,  sandstone  altered  to  quartzite  and  holding  frag- 
ments of  indurated  shale,  white  quartz  rock,  quartzite  like  that  of 
Marble  Island  felsite,  crystalline  hornblende  rock,  diorite,  chert,  mica 
