PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS. 57 
in Chartiers Township it runs 2,029 to 2,078; in the vicinity of Linden 
2,077 to 2,129; in North Franklin, according to the few available rec- 
ords, it is fairly constant at 2,070 to 2,078 feet; at Sunset it is 2,123 
feet; in the Fonner field the variation is from 2,080 to 2,095 feet; in 
the Zbllarsville held, from 2,110 to 2,240, with occasional reports as 
low as 2,047 and 1,979; and southwest of Kammerer the amount is 
2,160 feet, 
The Gordon sand has locally furnished both oil and gas, but it can 
not be ranked as one of the principal producers. The original flow of 
oil from the Gordon well was 25 barrels per hour. As stated above, it 
is improbable that the Gordon sand is in reality one continuous bed 
beneath the whole quadrangle. 
Fourth sand. — Where present, this sand is dovetailed into the Cat- 
skill beds, about 40 to 140 feet below the top of the Gordon. Like 
the Gordon, it is irregular, and probably not persistent as a definite 
bed. In thickness it varies from 10 to 50 feet. The distance from 
the Pittsburg coal is as follows: In South Strabane Township, 2,101 
to 2,135 feet; in the vicinity of Linden, 2,138 to 2,160; at Washington, 
2,130 to 2,163; in North Franklin Township, 2,121 to 2,165; in the 
Koss field, 2,102 to 2,130; in the Zollarsville field, 2,211 to 2,350 feet. 
In only a few instances has this sand produced gas. The sand 
has been noted no more frequently than the Gordon, which indicates 
something of its nonpersistence and variability. 
Fifth sand. — The Fifth sand is also within the limits of the Catskill 
beds; but it seems to be more persistent than either the Stray, Gor- 
don, or Fourth. In general it occurs near the lower limit of the 
Catskill and in some places has no red shale below it. In one well the 
Fifth is reported as a "red sand." The position of the sand is 250 
to 400 feet below the top of the Gantz, and it is reported in nearly 
all wells which are deep enough to reach it. In a considerable num- 
ber of records in the borough of Deemston and in East Bethlehem 
Township, however, no Fifth sand is mentioned. This sand varies 
in thickness from 10 to 50 feet. 
The interval below the Pittsburg coal varies in North Strabane 
Township from 2,186 to 2,220 feet; in South Strabane, 2,175 to 
2,280; at Washington, 2,174 to 2,201; in North Franklin, 2,181 to 
2,207; in South Franklin, 2,208; in the Ross field, 2,180 to 2,181; 
2 miles northeast of Lone Pine, 2,205; in the vicinity of Zollarsville, 
2,352 to 2,409; west of Deemston, 2,272 to 2,371; near Deemston, 
2,327 to 2,359; southwest of Beallsville, 2,272 to 2,336; and north of 
Bentleyville, 2,300 feet. 
With the exception of the Bayard and Elizabeth sands, the Fifth 
has been one of the most important gas-producing sands of the quad- 
rangle, but most of the wells obtaining gas from it are now aban- 
doned. They were situated in the northern extension of the Wash- 
